Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Published on: July 19, 2007

Avance en la optimización de sistemas de autobuses eléctricos con rotación de autobuses entre rutas

Ali Shehabeldeen¹, Moataz Mohamed¹

¹Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada.

Npj sustainable mobility and transport

|January 26, 2026

Abstract:

Battery electric buses (BEBs) face significant operational constraints that limit their flexibility, especially in rotating vehicles across multiple routes. This study focuses on addressing this limitation by introducing a strategic modelling approach that incorporates BEB rotation as a decision variable into an integrated planning optimization model. The proposed model jointly determines the optimal bus-to-route assignments, charging infrastructure siting and sizing, battery capacities, and charging schedules while accounting for electricity real-time pricing (RTP) rates, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions charges, and battery degradation. Results of a real-world transit network demonstrate that enabling BEB rotation in the planning phase reduces total system costs by 37.88%, with a 12.18% reduction in capital costs and a 59.42% reduction in operational costs. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to validate the proposed model, highlighting the influence of varying key parameters, including energy consumption, infrastructure costs, charging power, electricity RTP rates, and GHG emissions charges on the optimized outcomes.

Palabras clave:

Impacto ambiental Geografía Ciencia, tecnología y sociedad

Más Videos Relacionados

Optimized Ex-ovo Culturing of Chick Embryos to Advanced Stages of Development

Optimized Ex-ovo Culturing of Chick Embryos to Advanced Stages of Development

Published on: January 24, 2015

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Bus Impedance Matrix

Bus Impedance Matrix

Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...

Routes of Persuasion

Routes of Persuasion

Persuasion is the process of changing our attitude toward something based on some kind of communication. Much of the persuasion we experience comes from outside forces. How do people convince others to change their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors? What communications do you receive that attempt to persuade you to change your attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors?

Properties of Transition Metals

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.

Phase Transitions

Phase Transitions

Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...