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La relación entre la decodificación del estado mental y el funcionamiento social en el mundo real: una investigación
Ronja Christensen1,2, Eva Velthorst3, Anne-Kathrin Fett1,4
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, School of Health and Medical Sciences, City St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Schizophrenia research. Cognition
|January 26, 2026
Resumen
Los déficits de la Teoría de la Mente (TdM) en pacientes con psicosis, medidos por la prueba "Leer la mente en los ojos" (RMET), se relacionaron con un aumento de la exclusión social. Sin embargo, el rendimiento en la RMET no afectó significativamente a otras interacciones sociales diarias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología; Neurociencia; Psiquiatría
Sus antecedentes:
- La cognición social, en particular la Teoría de la Mente (TdM), es crucial para el funcionamiento social. Los pacientes con psicosis a menudo muestran déficits en la TdM, pero su impacto en la vida social diaria es objeto de debate.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre la decodificación del estado mental (un aspecto de la TdM) utilizando la prueba "Leer la mente en los ojos" (RMET) y las interacciones sociales en la vida real en pacientes con psicosis, familiares y controles.
Principales métodos:
- Un Método de Muestreo de Experiencias (ESM) de 7 días evaluó las interacciones sociales (cantidad, calidad, soledad, exclusión) en 27 pacientes con psicosis, 17 familiares y 26 controles. Todos los participantes completaron la RMET.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con psicosis obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en la RMET que los controles y los familiares, lo que indica déficits en la decodificación del estado mental. Las puntuaciones más bajas en la RMET predijeron mayores sentimientos de exclusión social en todos los grupos. El rendimiento en la RMET no se asoció significativamente con otros aspectos del funcionamiento social.
Conclusiones:
- La decodificación alterada del estado mental (RMET) se asocia con una mayor exclusión social en la psicosis, pero no con otros aspectos del funcionamiento social diario. Los hallazgos sugieren que factores distintos de la TdM pueden ser más críticos para el funcionamiento social general en la vida real en la psicosis.
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