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Osteosarcopenia: mecanismos moleculares clave y perspectivas traslacionales
Yuan Pu1, Yirong Teng1, Yinghua Li1
1Department of General Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|January 26, 2026
Resumen
La osteosarcopenia, el síndrome relacionado con la edad de la osteoporosis y la sarcopenia, implica complejas interacciones moleculares. Esta revisión describe un marco para comprender su patogénesis y explora intervenciones terapéuticas novedosas para la prevención y el tratamiento precisos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología y Salud Musculoesquelética
- Biología Molecular y Mecanismos de Enfermedades
- Medicina Regenerativa y Nanotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- La osteosarcopenia, caracterizada por la disminución concurrente de la masa ósea y muscular, es una preocupación importante para la salud relacionada con la edad.
- La investigación está evolucionando desde la patología de un solo órgano hacia la comprensión de la compleja interacción entre el hueso y el músculo en el envejecimiento.
- Una comprensión integral de la patogénesis de la osteosarcopenia es crucial para desarrollar intervenciones efectivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Elaborar sistemáticamente la patogénesis de la osteosarcopenia utilizando un marco jerárquico de "intracelular - intercelular - sistémico".
- Revisar y discutir las intervenciones emergentes de vanguardia para la osteosarcopenia con potencial de traslación clínica.
- Proporcionar información sobre estrategias de prevención y tratamiento de precisión para la osteosarcopenia.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de literatura centrada en mecanismos moleculares e interacciones en la osteosarcopenia.
- Elaboración sistemática de la patogénesis a través de un marco jerárquico (intracelular, intercelular, sistémico).
- Exploración de nuevas dianas y enfoques terapéuticos, incluidas nanopartículas, microARNs, compuestos naturales y biológicos.
Principales resultados:
- Un marco jerárquico dilucida las interacciones moleculares multidimensionales subyacentes a la osteosarcopenia.
- Se identificaron varias intervenciones prometedoras de vanguardia: nanopartículas F6-(DSS)6-exo, miR-495, resveratrol, nuciferina, Clostridium butyricum y bimagrumab.
- Se destacó el potencial de estas intervenciones para la aplicación clínica en el manejo de la osteosarcopenia.
Conclusiones:
- Comprender la patogénesis integrada de la osteosarcopenia es clave para desarrollar terapias dirigidas.
- La investigación futura debe centrarse en el microambiente musculoesquelético, la imagen avanzada para la detección temprana y los biomateriales para la regeneración.
- Esta revisión ofrece una base para avanzar en la investigación y la práctica clínica de la osteosarcopenia.
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