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Updated: Jan 28, 2026
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Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Published on: December 14, 2017
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Firmas de plutonio en material radiactivo refractario respaldan una hipótesis de chorro nuclear de Chernóbil
Malcolm J Joyce1, Colin Boxall1, Marcus Christl2
1School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW UK.
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry
|January 26, 2026
Resumen
Las relaciones de isótopos de plutonio-239 (Pu-239) en suelos del norte de Inglaterra sugieren una formación a alta temperatura a partir de explosiones nucleares. Las explosiones químicas a menor temperatura explican otros isótopos de plutonio, lo que respalda una hipótesis de doble evento para el material radiactivo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Química Nuclear
- Radioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- Las relaciones de isótopos de plutonio (Pu-240/Pu-239) en muestras ambientales proporcionan información sobre el origen y las condiciones de liberación de radionúclidos.
- Comprender la especiación del plutonio (refractario vs. volátil) puede diferenciar entre varios tipos de eventos nucleares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las relaciones de isótopos de plutonio en suelos del norte de Inglaterra.
- Diferenciar entre orígenes de explosiones nucleares y químicas del material radiactivo de plutonio.
- Investigar las temperaturas de formación de los componentes de plutonio.
Principales métodos:
- Medición de componentes de plutonio refractarios y volátiles en muestras de suelo.
- Análisis isotópico de plutonio mediante espectrometría de masas.
- Comparación de las relaciones Pu-240/Pu-239 medidas con los promedios mundiales y los datos de material radiactivo de Chernóbil.
Principales resultados:
- Las relaciones de Pu-240/Pu-239 refractarias (0,390 ± 0,006) son más altas que el promedio mundial, lo que concuerda con el material radiactivo de Chernóbil y temperaturas de formación >3000 °C, indicativo de explosiones de origen nuclear.
- Las relaciones de Pu-240/Pu-239 volátiles (0,181 ± 0,002) se alinean con el promedio mundial, lo que sugiere una formación a menor temperatura a partir de explosiones químicas y fuego.
- La mejora observada en la sección transversal de fisión y captura de Pu-239 respalda la hipótesis de resonancia de onda S.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio respalda una hipótesis de liberación de plutonio de doble evento: explosiones nucleares a alta temperatura y explosiones químicas posteriores a menor temperatura.
- Los componentes de plutonio refractario indican inyección atmosférica a partir de explosiones de origen nuclear.
- Los componentes de plutonio volátil sugieren formación durante explosiones químicas y fuego, potencialmente vinculados al evento de Chernóbil.
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