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Un sistema integrado de apoyo a la salud mental multinivel para estudiantes universitarios: estudio observacional
Szilvia Vincze1, Antal Bugán1, Karolina Kósa1
1Chancellery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
JMIR formative research
|January 26, 2026
Resumen
Estudiantes universitarios
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación en Salud Mental
- Intervenciones de Salud Digital
- Bienestar en la Educación Superior
Sus antecedentes:
- Los estudiantes universitarios enfrentan importantes desafíos de salud mental debido a las presiones académicas y sociales.
- La pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbó los problemas de salud mental existentes entre los estudiantes de todo el mundo.
- La Universidad de Debrecen implementó un sistema integrado novedoso para el apoyo a la salud mental de los estudiantes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Probar un sistema de modelo multinivel integrado para la detección, prevención y tratamiento de problemas de salud mental en estudiantes.
- Evaluar la efectividad de un enfoque basado en aplicaciones de teléfonos inteligentes para el apoyo a la salud mental.
- Evaluar la utilidad de una vía digital-primaria a los servicios de salud mental para estudiantes universitarios.
Principales métodos:
- Se desarrolló una aplicación de teléfono inteligente para informar sobre el estado de ánimo y acceder a servicios de salud mental por niveles.
- El sistema utilizó un modelo de servicio híbrido digital-personal de 2 niveles digitales y 3 niveles.
- Los informes de estado de ánimo de los estudiantes desencadenaron un mayor cribado de depresión y participación en grupos de pares, lo que condujo a intervenciones.
Principales resultados:
- El sistema, operativo durante 45 meses, involucró al 29% de la población estudiantil a través de informes de estado de ánimo.
- Entre el 8,9% y el 12,2% de los estudiantes informaron de un estado de ánimo bajo, y el 50% informó de un estado de ánimo bueno.
- Los informes de estado de ánimo alcanzaron su punto máximo durante los períodos de estudio y disminuyeron durante los exámenes y las vacaciones.
Conclusiones:
- El informe de estado de ánimo basado en aplicaciones identifica de manera efectiva a los estudiantes en riesgo sin estigma.
- La jerarquía integrada de servicios digitales a personales es un modelo único y efectivo.
- El sistema proporciona datos valiosos para que el liderazgo universitario mejore los servicios de salud mental.
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