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Decodificación del Género en Sonidos de Tos: Un Análisis Basado en Transformers

Linh He1, Haomiao Li2, Siyan Wang2

  • 1Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

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|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La acústica de la tos contiene características distintas de género, detectables por modelos de IA. Estos hallazgos pueden ayudar en la atención de la voz que afirma el género al identificar diferencias en sonidos no verbales.

Palabras clave:
IAtosgénero

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Laringología
  • Análisis acústico
  • Inteligencia Artificial

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las características del habla como el tono y el volumen influyen en la percepción del género.
  • Los sonidos no verbales, como la tos, se entienden menos en cuanto a las diferencias de género.
  • Esta brecha de conocimiento afecta la atención de la voz que afirma el género, ya que la tos es difícil de modular.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar las diferencias acústicas basadas en el género en los sonidos de la tos.
  • Utilizar un modelo transformer con autoatención para identificar características clave de la tos para la clasificación del género.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de 327 grabaciones de tos (154 hombres, 173 mujeres) del conjunto de datos Coswara.
  • Aplicación del modelo transformer HuBERT para el análisis de audio después del preprocesamiento (remuestreo, eliminación de silencio, normalización, recorte).
  • Validación del equilibrio de género mediante el cribado de la diferencia de medias estandarizada (SMD).

Principales resultados:

  • El modelo transformer alcanzó una precisión del 84,0 % y una puntuación F1 de 0,8462 en la clasificación del género a partir de series de tos.
  • La precisión de la clasificación fue menor (71,4 %) al utilizar solo muestras de tos única.
  • La visualización de la atención destacó las fases explosivas de la tos como cruciales para la distinción de género.

Conclusiones:

  • Los sonidos de la tos poseen características acústicas discriminatorias de género identificables por modelos transformer.
  • Fases específicas de la tos contienen información fisiológicamente relevante para la clasificación del género.
  • Los hallazgos pueden informar intervenciones que afirman el género para la producción de sonidos no verbales.