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The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell...
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What are Membranes?01:24

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A cell's plasma membrane demarcates the cell's borders and determines the nature of its interaction with the environment. Cells exclude certain substances, take in others, and excrete some others in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be flexible to allow certain cells, such as red and white blood cells, to change their shape while passing through narrow capillaries. These are the more obvious plasma membrane functions. In addition, the plasma membrane's surface carries...
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A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and...
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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
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Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
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Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases
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Membranas de polisulfona: aquí, allá y en todas partes

Pere Verdugo1, Iwona Gulaczyk2, Magdalena Olkiewicz1

  • 1Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Chemical Technologies Unit, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

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Las membranas de polisulfona (PSU) ofrecen una excelente estabilidad para las separaciones. Los avances recientes en la fabricación y la integración de nanomateriales mejoran significativamente su rendimiento en aplicaciones de separación de gases y purificación de agua.

Palabras clave:
separación de gasespolisulfona modificadapolisulfonapurificación de agua

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de materiales; Ingeniería química

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las membranas de polisulfona (PSU) son valoradas por su estabilidad térmica, resistencia mecánica y resistencia química.; Las membranas de PSU se utilizan en diversos procesos de separación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar los avances recientes en el desarrollo de membranas de polisulfona (PSU).; Destacar las técnicas de fabricación, las modificaciones estructurales y las aplicaciones emergentes de las membranas de PSU.

Principales métodos:

  • La inversión de fase es el método principal para la síntesis de membranas de PSU.; Las mejoras funcionales se logran mediante la mezcla, el injerto químico y la incorporación de nanomateriales como MOFs, nanotubos de carbono y polímeros zwitteriónicos.

Principales resultados:

  • Las membranas de matriz mixta a base de PSU muestran una selectividad mejorada de CO2/CH4 con MOFs.; Las membranas de PSU eliminan eficazmente las toxinas de algas y los metales pesados, con una mayor hidrofilicidad y propiedades antiincrustantes a través de modificaciones de la superficie.

Conclusiones:

  • Las membranas de PSU son adaptables para la separación avanzada de gases y la purificación de agua.; Se necesita más investigación para optimizar el entrecruzamiento y comprender las relaciones estructura-propiedad para sistemas sostenibles.