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Detección automática y sistema de medición de aneurismas aórticos mediante inteligencia artificial basada en

Jumpei Fujiwara1, Makoto Orii2, Kohei Oyamada3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Morioka, Japan.

The international journal of cardiovascular imaging
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Resumen

Un nuevo sistema de inteligencia artificial de aprendizaje profundo detecta con precisión aneurismas aórticos y mide diámetros de aorta en TC. Esta herramienta de IA muestra un alto rendimiento, mejorando la precisión diagnóstica de las afecciones cardiovasculares.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma aórticoInteligencia artificial basada en aprendizaje profundoTomografía computarizada sin contraste

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Radiología
  • Inteligencia Artificial
  • Imagen Médica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los aneurismas aórticos son una causa significativa de mortalidad.
  • La detección y medición precisas son cruciales para un manejo eficaz.
  • La TC sin contraste es una modalidad de imagen común para la evaluación aórtica.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar un sistema de inteligencia artificial de aprendizaje profundo (DLAI) para la detección de aneurismas aórticos fusiformes.
  • Evaluar la precisión del sistema DLAI en la medición de diámetros aórticos en imágenes de TC sin contraste.

Principales métodos:

  • Recopilación retrospectiva de 160 imágenes de TC sin contraste para entrenamiento y 190 para validación.
  • Comparación del rendimiento del sistema DLAI con informes de radiología y revisión de expertos radiólogos.
  • Cálculo de puntuaciones de Dice para la segmentación aórtica y métricas para la detección de aneurismas (sensibilidad, VPP, F-measure).

Principales resultados:

  • Altas puntuaciones de Dice para la segmentación aórtica: 0.90 (aorta completa), 0.94 (torácica), 0.93 (abdominal), 0.84 (ilíaca).
  • El sistema DLAI mostró una sensibilidad, VPP y F-measure de 0.81, 0.83 y 0.82 para la detección de aneurismas, mejorando a 0.83, 0.87 y 0.85 después de la revisión del radiólogo.
  • Fuerte correlación (ICC=0.97) en las mediciones del diámetro del aneurisma con un error medio de 0.86 ± 2.72 mm.

Conclusiones:

  • El sistema DLAI demuestra una alta precisión en la detección de aneurismas aórticos.
  • El sistema es eficaz en la medición de diámetros aórticos en escáneres de TC sin contraste.
  • Esta herramienta de IA tiene el potencial de mejorar el diagnóstico y la monitorización de enfermedades aórticas.