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Sensibilidad del dolor autoinformada en adultos nacidos extremadamente prematuros en comparación con controles
Julie Vestavik Berge1, Silje Nesthus1, Merete Røineland Benestad2
1Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Early human development
|January 27, 2026
Resumen
Los adultos jóvenes nacidos extremadamente prematuros (EP) no mostraron diferencias en la sensibilidad al dolor o el uso de medicamentos en comparación con sus pares nacidos a término a los 27 años. Los procedimientos de dolor neonatal no afectaron la sensibilidad al dolor posterior en el grupo EP.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Resultados de la atención neonatal
- Pediatría del desarrollo
- Medicina del dolor
Sus antecedentes:
- Las personas nacidas extremadamente prematuras (EP) pueden experimentar una sensibilidad al dolor alterada.
- Los efectos a largo plazo de la exposición al dolor neonatal en personas EP requieren una mayor investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar la sensibilidad al dolor autoinformada y el uso de medicamentos para el dolor en adultos nacidos EP frente a controles nacidos a término.
- Evaluar la asociación entre los procedimientos dolorosos neonatales y la sensibilidad al dolor en adultos en el grupo EP.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte basado en la población con tercer seguimiento a los 27 años de edad.
- Los participantes incluyeron personas nacidas EP (edad gestacional ≤28 semanas) y controles emparejados nacidos a término.
- Se evaluó la sensibilidad al dolor utilizando el Cuestionario de Sensibilidad al Dolor (PSQ); también se registraron el uso de medicamentos y los procedimientos neonatales.
Principales resultados:
- No se observaron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones del PSQ (total, moderado, leve) entre los adultos nacidos EP y los controles nacidos a término.
- Se observaron tasas similares de uso de medicamentos para el dolor entre los dos grupos.
- No se encontró asociación entre el número de procedimientos dolorosos neonatales y la sensibilidad al dolor a los 27 años.
Conclusiones:
- La sensibilidad al dolor autoinformada y el uso de medicamentos para el dolor son comparables entre los adultos nacidos EP y sus pares nacidos a término a los 27 años de edad.
- La exposición al dolor neonatal no parece influir en la sensibilidad al dolor a largo plazo en esta cohorte.
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