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Péptido similar a catelicidina para el control de Acinetobacter baumannii resistente

Elizabete de Souza Cândido^1,2, Danieli Fernanda Buccini², Elizangela de Barros Miranda²

¹Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, DF, Brazil.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 28, 2026

Resumen

Los péptidos de veneno de serpiente BotrAMP14 y CrotAMP14 muestran una potente actividad antibacteriana y anti-biofilm contra patógenos de la piel resistentes a los medicamentos. Estos péptidos antimicrobianos ofrecen una alternativa prometedora para tratar infecciones de heridas difíciles.

Área de la Ciencia:

Investigación sobre resistencia a los antimicrobianos
Terapias peptídicas
Manejo de infecciones de heridas

Sus antecedentes:

La resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) representa una amenaza global para la salud, especialmente en las infecciones de heridas.
Los patógenos multirresistentes como Acinetobacter baumannii forman biofilms, lo que complica el tratamiento.
Los péptidos antimicrobianos (AMP) ofrecen un nuevo enfoque terapéutico con un potencial de resistencia reducido.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar péptidos similares a catelicidinas derivados de veneno de serpiente contra bacterias multirresistentes.
Evaluar la eficacia antibacteriana, anti-biofilm y in vivo de péptidos seleccionados.
Investigar el perfil de seguridad, incluidos los efectos hemolíticos y citotóxicos, de estos péptidos.

Principales métodos:

Se determinó la Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima (CIM), la Concentración Bactericida Mínima (CBM) y la Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima de Biofilm (CIBM).
Se realizaron ensayos de cinética de tiempo de muerte, actividad hemolítica y citotoxicidad.
Se utilizó un modelo de infección de heridas cutáneas murinas para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad in vivo.

Principales resultados:

Los péptidos mostraron una potente actividad contra formas planctónicas y de biofilm de bacterias resistentes (MIC/MBC: 0,78-25 µM; MBIC: 1,56-12,5 µM).
BotrAMP14 y CrotAMP14 demostraron una rápida acción bactericida y una eficacia in vivo significativa en un modelo de herida murina.
Los péptidos no mostraron actividad hemolítica y baja citotoxicidad, lo que indica un perfil de seguridad favorable.

Conclusiones:

BotrAMP14 y CrotAMP14 son agentes antimicrobianos tópicos eficaces contra infecciones cutáneas multirresistentes.
Estos péptidos representan una alternativa prometedora a los antibióticos convencionales para infecciones de heridas difíciles.
Los hallazgos abordan la necesidad urgente de nuevas terapias contra patógenos resistentes a los antibióticos.

Palabras clave:

péptido antimicrobiano biofilm similar a catelicidina infección cutánea piel

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