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El Vínculo Entre Depresión, Uso de Analgésicos y Función en la Osteoartritis: Un Análisis de Concordancia por

Saran Singh Gill¹, Gareth G Jones¹, Justin P Cobb¹

¹MSk Lab, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 28, 2026

Resumen

Los síntomas depresivos en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla no aumentaron el uso de opioides pero se relacionaron con un peor estado de salud física. Sin embargo, estos pacientes a menudo mostraron mayores ganancias funcionales que aquellos sin síntomas depresivos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ortopedia
Psiquiatría
Ciencia de Datos

Sus antecedentes:

La osteoartritis de rodilla (OA) afecta a una parte importante de los adultos mayores.
Más del 25% de los pacientes con artrosis de rodilla experimentan síntomas depresivos (SD), que se asocian con peores resultados de dolor y generales.
La influencia de los SD en el uso de analgésicos y la recuperación en la artrosis de rodilla no se comprende bien.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto de los síntomas depresivos en el uso de analgésicos y la recuperación funcional en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla.
Comparar los resultados entre pacientes con artrosis de rodilla con y sin síntomas depresivos.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron datos de la Iniciativa de Osteoartritis (n=3680).
Se empleó un modelo de Machine Learning Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) para la concordancia por puntuación de propensión.
Se emparejaron 487 pacientes con artrosis de rodilla y SD con 487 pacientes con artrosis de rodilla sin SD.

Principales resultados:

Los síntomas depresivos no se asociaron con un aumento en el uso de opioides hasta el año 2 (OR=0.89).
Los pacientes con síntomas depresivos tuvieron menos probabilidades de mostrar una mejora en el SF-12 PCS en el año 1 y más probabilidades de experimentar un declive en el año 2.
Los síntomas depresivos en la artrosis se relacionaron con un peor estado de salud física, pero a menudo demostraron mayores ganancias funcionales en comparación con los pacientes sin síntomas depresivos.

Conclusiones:

Los síntomas depresivos en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla no alteran significativamente el uso de opioides.
Si bien los SD se asocian con peores resultados de salud física, pueden no impedir las ganancias funcionales.
Los enfoques multidisciplinarios que abordan tanto el dolor como el bienestar psicosocial son cruciales para el manejo de pacientes con artrosis de rodilla y SD.

Palabras clave:

modelo biopsicosocial depresión osteoartritis de rodilla

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