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Updated: Jan 29, 2026
04:44
Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Published on: June 16, 2020
20.8K
COVID-19 y enfermedad pulmonar intersticial
Roberto G Carbone1, Sharada Nagoti2, Assaf Monselise3
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|January 28, 2026
Resumen
La enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) es una complicación importante a largo plazo de la COVID-19, que causa fibrosis pulmonar y reduce la función. El manejo está en evolución, con investigaciones en curso sobre mejores diagnósticos y tratamientos para esta afección crónica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neumología; Enfermedades Infecciosas; Patología
Sus antecedentes:
- La COVID-19, causada por el SARS-CoV-2, puede provocar complicaciones graves.; La enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) es una consecuencia importante a largo plazo, caracterizada por fibrosis pulmonar progresiva y función respiratoria alterada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una revisión narrativa actualizada sobre la EPI post-COVID-19.; Examinar publicaciones de investigación y guías clínicas de 2020-2025.
Principales métodos:
- El diagnóstico implica historial médico, examen fisiológico, pruebas de función pulmonar e imágenes (HRCT).; Se puede utilizar biopsia pulmonar (criobiopsia o VATS) para confirmación histológica.
Principales resultados:
- La EPI post-COVID-19 se presenta como una afección crónica con síntomas respiratorios persistentes, hallazgos radiológicos y función pulmonar reducida.; Los factores de riesgo incluyen enfermedad aguda grave, edad avanzada, sexo masculino y tabaquismo. El pronóstico varía, con algunos pacientes que mejoran y otros que empeoran.; Los tratamientos actuales incluyen corticosteroides, antifibróticos (p. ej., nerandomilast), soporte de oxígeno, rehabilitación pulmonar, cesación del tabaquismo y vacunación.
Conclusiones:
- La EPI es una complicación importante a largo plazo de la COVID-19.; Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar la fisiopatología y optimizar el manejo clínico.; Se anticipan estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas emergentes.
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