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Updated: Jan 29, 2026
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Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites
Published on: November 9, 2019
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Optimización de Compuestos de Madera-Cáñamo-Silicato de Sodio para Resistencia, Extrudabilidad y Costo en
Nagendra G Tanikella1, Armando G McDonald2, Michael R Maughan1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Resumen
La fabricación aditiva (FA) sostenible se avanza utilizando subproductos de madera y cáñamo. Un compuesto de madera-silicato de sodio con fibras de madera en pellets y cáñamo demostró una excelente relación resistencia-costo y procesabilidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los Materiales; Fabricación Sostenible
Sus antecedentes:
- La fabricación aditiva (FA) busca materiales sostenibles para reducir costos e impacto ambiental.; Los subproductos forestales y agrícolas ofrecen potencial como materia prima ecológica para la FA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y caracterizar compuestos de madera-silicato de sodio con cáñamo y fibras para FA.; Optimizar las formulaciones de compuestos para propiedades mecánicas, procesabilidad y rentabilidad.
Principales métodos:
- Las formulaciones variaron el tipo de fibra de madera, la concentración de silicato de sodio y el contenido de cáñamo.; Se evaluaron las propiedades del material, incluida la reología, la extrusión, la densidad aparente, la resistencia a la flexión y a la compresión.; Se realizó un análisis de costos y se evaluaron las relaciones resistencia-costo.
Principales resultados:
- La reología y el rendimiento de la extrusión se vieron significativamente influenciados por el contenido de silicato de sodio.; El aumento del contenido de líquido inicialmente aumentó la viscosidad y luego la disminuyó a concentraciones más altas.; Los tamaños de partícula más finos generalmente mejoraron las resistencias mecánicas.; Una formulación con fibras de madera en pellets, 55% en peso de silicato de sodio y 10% en peso de cáñamo logró una alta relación resistencia-costo (73.0 MPa/$) con baja potencia del motor.
Conclusiones:
- Los subproductos de madera y cáñamo se pueden utilizar eficazmente en compuestos de silicato de sodio para FA sostenible.; Las formulaciones optimizadas equilibran el rendimiento mecánico, la procesabilidad y la viabilidad económica.; La formulación óptima identificada presenta un material sostenible prometedor para aplicaciones de fabricación aditiva.
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