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Hormesis por nitróxido en levaduras: 4-hidroxi-TEMPO modula el envejecimiento y el ciclo celular
Mateusz Mołoń1, Patrycja Kielar2, Eliza Molestak3
1Faculty of Biology, Natural Protection, and Sustainable Development, University of Rzeszow, al. Tadeusza Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Resumen
El 4-hidroxi-TEMPO, un potente antioxidante, impacta el envejecimiento y la expresión génica de las células de levadura. Muestra una respuesta hormética, retrasando el envejecimiento en algunas cepas y acelerándolo en otras, con una toxicidad reducida en comparación con el TEMPO.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Bioquímica; Biología Molecular; Genética
Sus antecedentes:
- El 4-hidroxi-TEMPO es un radical nitróxido soluble en agua con propiedades antioxidantes.; Funciona como un mimético de la superóxido dismutasa, eliminando especies reactivas de oxígeno.; El daño oxidativo está implicado en el envejecimiento y diversos procesos celulares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los efectos fisiológicos y transcriptómicos del 4-hidroxi-TEMPO en Saccharomyces cerevisiae.; Comprender su impacto en el crecimiento celular, el contenido de ADN y el envejecimiento cronológico.; Comparar sus efectos y toxicidad con los del TEMPO.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de RNA-Seq para estudiar la reprogramación transcripcional.; Se utilizaron cepas de levadura salvajes y mutantes (sod1Δ, sod2Δ, yap1Δ, rad52Δ).; RT-qPCR para confirmar cambios transcripcionales clave.
Principales resultados:
- El 4-hidroxi-TEMPO alteró el crecimiento y el contenido de ADN (fase G1).; Moduló el envejecimiento cronológico de manera dependiente de la cepa, mostrando hormesis.; Redujo la toxicidad traslacional y preservó los polisomas, a diferencia del TEMPO, induciendo un programa transcripcional único.
Conclusiones:
- El 4-hidroxi-TEMPO desencadena una respuesta transcripcional compleja y dependiente de redox en levaduras.; Exhibe un efecto hormético bifásico y específico del genotipo sobre el envejecimiento y proporciona genoprotección.; El compuesto demuestra un perfil de toxicidad favorable en comparación con el TEMPO.
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