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Tapes are essential in surveying for accurate, durable, and short-distance measurements. Made from lightweight, nylon-coated steel, they offer flexibility and strength for rugged outdoor use. The nylon coating protects against rust and wear, extending the tape's life. Standard lengths, around 30 meters, are marked in meters and millimeters for precision.Surveyors select tapes based on site conditions and accuracy needs. Lightweight, nylon-coated tapes are commonly used for ease of handling and...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions01:10

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When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...
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Distance Problem01:29

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When an object's velocity changes over time, the total distance traveled can be determined by summing small displacement intervals over short increments. This approach approximates the true distance through numerical summation and the use of integral calculus. An estimate of the total displacement can be obtained by measuring velocity at regular intervals and multiplying each value by the corresponding time step.If a runner accelerates over the first three seconds of a race, speed measurements...
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The Distance Formula01:20

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In geometry, measuring the direct distance between two points on a plane is essential in various practical and theoretical applications. Whether in navigation, engineering, or computer graphics, determining the shortest path between two locations involves using the distance formula. This formula is derived from the Pythagorean Theorem, which relates the lengths of the sides of a right triangle. On a coordinate plane, the horizontal and vertical distances between two points serve as the legs of...
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To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
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Sistema de Automatización de Medición de Objetos Transportados Basado en Redes Neuronales Artificiales Utilizando

Hyo Beom Heo1, Seung Hwan Park1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.

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Este estudio presenta un marco para mediciones logísticas precisas utilizando un único sensor de distancia asequible. El método garantiza una estimación fiable de la longitud y la anchura a pesar de las condiciones variables, superando las limitaciones de los escáneres 3D caros.

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red neuronal artificial (ANN)sensor de distancia de nivel de entradamedición de geometríaregresión lineal spline (LSR)

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ingeniería Industrial
  • Sistemas de Automatización y Control
  • Inteligencia Artificial en Logística

Sus antecedentes:

  • La tecnología de medición es crucial para las operaciones logísticas, como la inspección de defectos y la optimización de la carga.
  • La cuarta revolución industrial impulsa la investigación en la automatización de mediciones utilizando IA, IoT y sensores avanzados.
  • Los altos costes de los escáneres 3D y los problemas de fiabilidad de los sensores de nivel de entrada dificultan la adopción generalizada en la logística.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar un marco sistemático para la medición geométrica fiable utilizando un único sensor de distancia de bajo coste.
  • Permitir la estimación precisa de la longitud y la anchura de los objetos en entornos logísticos.
  • Superar la brecha entre los sistemas de medición de alto rendimiento y caros y los sensores de nivel de entrada poco fiables.

Principales métodos:

  • Diseño y construcción de una configuración de adquisición de datos en cinta transportadora que simula escenarios de transferencia logística realistas.
  • Recopilación de datos de medición en condiciones de transferencia sistemáticamente variadas para capturar perturbaciones ambientales.
  • Empleo de extracción de características robusta para señales ruidosas y dependientes de las condiciones y entrenamiento de una red neuronal artificial (ANN) para la estimación de dimensiones.

Principales resultados:

  • El marco propuesto mapea con éxito las observaciones del sensor a dimensiones geométricas (longitud y anchura).
  • El modelo ANN demostró un rendimiento fiable en la estimación de las dimensiones de los objetos utilizando datos de prueba.
  • Los resultados experimentales confirman la solidez del método incluso en condiciones de transferencia diversas y desafiantes.

Conclusiones:

  • Se ha demostrado una solución rentable y fiable para la medición de geometría en logística.
  • El marco propuesto mejora significativamente la usabilidad de los sensores de distancia de nivel de entrada para aplicaciones industriales.
  • Este enfoque ofrece una alternativa práctica a las tecnologías de medición caras en el sector de la logística.