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Microbioma cutáneo: Dimensiones y desafíos en expansión en la evidencia forense
Han Zhang1,2, Xin Huang1,2, An-Qi Chen1,2
1Institute of Forensic Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Fa yi xue za zhi
|January 28, 2026
Resumen
El microbioma cutáneo ofrece una "huella microbiana" única para la ciencia forense. Su especificidad individual y trazabilidad proporcionan fuentes de evidencia novedosas, avanzando en la investigación y práctica forense.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Ciencia Forense
- Genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- El microbioma cutáneo es abundante, diverso y específico individualmente, actuando como un marcador biológico del huésped.
- Su composición refleja la fisiología del huésped y los factores ambientales, reflejando los fenotipos del huésped.
- Esta huella microbiana tiene aplicaciones forenses potenciales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los fundamentos de la diversidad microbiana cutánea y la especificidad individual.
- Analizar las ventajas y los enfoques técnicos para las aplicaciones forenses del microbioma cutáneo.
- Explorar el potencial futuro y los desafíos en la ciencia forense.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura sobre factores fisiológicos y estructurales que influyen en las comunidades microbianas de la piel.
- Análisis de la investigación existente sobre aplicaciones del microbioma cutáneo en ciencias forenses.
- Exploración de avances tecnológicos y metodologías.
Principales resultados:
- Las características únicas del microbioma cutáneo ofrecen fuentes ampliadas de evidencia forense.
- La especificidad individual y la trazabilidad son ventajas clave para la identificación forense.
- La investigación actual muestra resultados prometedores, pero persisten los desafíos.
Conclusiones:
- El microbioma cutáneo presenta un recurso significativo, aunque infrautilizado, para la ciencia forense.
- Se necesita más investigación y metodologías estandarizadas para superar los desafíos.
- Aprovechar el microbioma cutáneo puede mejorar las investigaciones y la investigación forense.
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