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Oxetanos en la síntesis de heterociclos: avances recientes

Shuxuan Liu¹, Gonghan Liu², Yangpeng Wang¹

¹Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China. huanghai@cczu.edu.cn.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

|January 28, 2026

Resumen

Los oxetanos son bloques de construcción versátiles para la síntesis de heterociclos a través de diversas reacciones como la apertura de anillos nucleofílicos y los reordenamientos. Esta revisión cubre los avances recientes (2019-2025) en la construcción de heterociclos basada en oxetanos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química Orgánica
Química Sintética
Química Heterocíclica

Sus antecedentes:

Los oxetanos son éteres cíclicos de cuatro miembros tensionados.
Su tensión de anillo inherente y sus reacciones regioselectivas los convierten en valiosos intermedios sintéticos.
Los heterociclos son motivos estructurales cruciales en productos farmacéuticos y ciencia de materiales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los avances recientes en la síntesis de heterociclos utilizando oxetanos desde 2019 hasta 2025.
Clasificar y discutir diversas estrategias sintéticas basadas en oxetanos.
Proporcionar información para futuras investigaciones en este campo.

Principales métodos:

Revisión bibliográfica de metodologías sintéticas que involucran oxetanos.
Clasificación de reacciones que incluyen apertura de anillos inducida por ataque nucleofílico, reordenamientos de semipinacol y precursores de dipolos 1,6.
Análisis de mecanismos de reacción, control quiral y alcance del sustrato.

Principales resultados:

Se resumieron los avances clave en la construcción de diversos heterociclos a partir de oxetanos.
Se destacó la utilidad de los oxetanos en la apertura de anillos nucleofílicos intramoleculares y reacciones en tándem.
Se discutieron novedosas estrategias sintéticas y la aplicación de oxetanos quirales.

Conclusiones:

Los oxetanos son bloques de construcción muy versátiles y eficientes para la síntesis de heterociclos.
Las estrategias sintéticas recientes han ampliado el alcance y la eficiencia de las transformaciones basadas en oxetanos.
La exploración adicional de la química de los oxetanos promete nuevos andamios de heterociclos.

Palabras clave:

oxetanos síntesis de heterociclos química orgánica estrategias sintéticas bloques de construcción

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