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Metallic Solids02:37

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
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Un modelo unificado para la emisión de luz desde sólidos

Jean-Jacques Greffet1, Aurelian Loirette-Pelous2

  • 1Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Lab. Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France. jean-jacques.greffet@institutoptique.fr.

Nature nanotechnology
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

Esta revisión unifica las teorías de emisión de luz desde sólidos, combinando física estadística, mecánica cuántica y electromagnetismo. Ofrece un marco para comprender diversos procesos de emisión en materiales.

Palabras clave:
emisión de luzsólidosfísica estadísticamecánica cuánticaelectromagnetismomateriales

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física del estado sólido
  • Electromagnetismo
  • Mecánica cuántica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La emisión de luz desde sólidos involucra diversos fenómenos como la incandescencia, la fluorescencia y la electroluminiscencia.
  • Los modelos existentes a menudo se basan en la física estadística, la mecánica cuántica o las ecuaciones de Maxwell.
  • Muchos sistemas requieren un enfoque combinado debido a las complejas interacciones electrón-entorno.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Presentar un marco teórico unificado para los procesos de emisión de luz en sólidos.
  • Integrar avances teóricos recientes para el análisis cuantitativo.
  • Proporcionar una comprensión integral de la emisión de ondas electromagnéticas desde sólidos.

Principales métodos:

  • Descripción general del enfoque de la electrodinámica para la incandescencia.
  • Extensión del marco a semiconductores bombeados óptica y eléctricamente.
  • Generalización a sistemas fuera de equilibrio con ejemplos.

Principales resultados:

  • Se propone un marco unificado para la emisión de luz en sólidos.
  • El marco modela con éxito varios procesos de emisión.
  • Se demuestran aplicaciones para diversos sistemas de estado sólido.

Conclusiones:

  • El marco unificado proporciona una herramienta poderosa para estudiar la emisión de luz en sólidos.
  • Une diferentes enfoques teóricos para una comprensión integral.
  • Este trabajo facilita la investigación futura en nuevos materiales y dispositivos emisores de luz.