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Pretermalización por conducción multipolar aleatoria en un procesador de 78 qubits.

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Los investigadores observaron fases pretérmicas de larga duración en sistemas cuánticos utilizando unidades aleatorias estructuradas. La vida útil pretérmica es sintonizable por frecuencia de accionamiento y orden multipolar, mostrando leyes de escalado universales en un procesador cuántico superconductor.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Simulación cuántica de la simulación cuántica.
  • No-equilibrio física de muchos cuerpos física de muchos cuerpos.
  • La ciencia de la información cuántica es una ciencia cuántica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las unidades dependientes del tiempo permiten la exploración de fenómenos exóticos de no equilibrio.
  • El calentamiento inducido por la unidad típicamente desestabiliza los sistemas cuánticos.
  • Las unidades periódicas (Floquet) pueden suprimir el calentamiento en el régimen de alta frecuencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la supresión del calentamiento en sistemas cuánticos no impulsados periódicamente.
  • Observar experimentalmente y caracterizar las fases pretérmicas.
  • Explore la atonabilidad y las leyes de escala de las vidas pretérmicas.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó un procesador cuántico superconductor de 78 qubits (Chuang-tzu 2.0).
  • Empleó protocolos aleatorios estructurados con tasas de calentamiento sintonizables.
  • Se midió el desequilibrio de partículas y la entropía de entrelazamiento del subsistema durante 1.000 ciclos de conducción.
  • Realizó tomografía de estado cuántico en diferentes subsistemas.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observaron fases pretérmicas de larga duración y una meseta pretérmica.
  • Demostrada vida útil pretérmica "doblemente sintonizable" (por orden de frecuencia y multipolar).
  • Encontró un crecimiento algebraico de la vida pretérmica con frecuencia, siguiendo el exponente de escalado universal 2n+1.1.
  • Se observó un entrelazamiento espacial no uniforme y un cruce de escala de la ley de área a la ley de volumen.
  • Estudió dinámicas más allá de las capacidades de simulación clásica.

Conclusiones:

  • Los procesadores cuánticos superconductores son poderosas plataformas para el estudio de la física de no equilibrio.
  • Los fenómenos observados y las leyes de escala son relevantes para la comprensión de los sistemas cuánticos impulsados.
  • Este trabajo abre caminos para explorar leyes de escala universal en regímenes cuánticos complejos.