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Operant Conditioning01:21

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Operant conditioning, a key concept in behavioral psychology, involves using reinforcement and punishment to alter the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. B.F. introduced this type of conditioning. Skinner focused on voluntary behaviors and the consequences that follow them, influencing whether these behaviors will be strengthened or diminished.
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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Role of Shaping in Operant Conditioning01:19

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Shaping is a technique used in operant conditioning to train complex behaviors by rewarding successive approximations toward the target behavior. This method is necessary because organisms are unlikely to perform complex behaviors spontaneously. Instead, shaping breaks down the desired behavior into small, manageable steps.
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Dry Friction01:30

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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
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Drying Shrinkage01:21

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When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
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Operational Amplifiers01:17

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The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Microalgae Cultivation and Biomass Quantification in a Bench-Scale Photobioreactor with Corrosive Flue Gases
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Optimización de las condiciones operativas para el secado de biomasa de microalgas utilizando secadores de bandeja

R López Pastor1,2, M G Pinna-Hernández3,4, J A Sánchez Molina5,6

  • 1Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Almería, 04120, Spain. rlp648@ual.es.

Scientific reports
|January 29, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

El secado en bandeja de biomasa de microalgas Chlorella es factible, con capas más finas y temperaturas más altas que reducen el tiempo de secado. Sin embargo, el aumento de la temperatura y el tiempo provocan la degradación de los pigmentos, lo que requiere una optimización para las biorrefinerías.

Palabras clave:
Degradación de biomasaCinética de secadoModeladoPretratamiento

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Valorización de biomasa
  • Tecnología de secado
  • Procesamiento de microalgas

Sus antecedentes:

  • El secado de la biomasa de microalgas es crucial para la estabilidad y las aplicaciones posteriores, pero consume mucha energía.
  • Los métodos de secado convencionales presentan desafíos en términos de eficiencia energética y calidad del producto.
  • El secado en bandeja ofrece una alternativa potencial para el procesamiento de biomasa de microalgas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la viabilidad técnica y el rendimiento del secado en bandeja para la biomasa de Chlorella sp.
  • Investigar el impacto de la temperatura de secado y el espesor de la capa de biomasa en la cinética de secado.
  • Evaluar el efecto de las condiciones de secado en la calidad de los pigmentos de microalgas.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizaron experimentos utilizando biomasa de Chlorella sp. en un secador de bandeja industrial simulado.
  • Las temperaturas de secado oscilaron entre 60 y 80 °C, con espesores de capa de 0,3 a 1,0 cm.
  • La cinética de secado se modeló utilizando una ecuación de ley de potencias y la calidad de los pigmentos se analizó espectrofotométricamente.

Principales resultados:

  • Se redujeron los tiempos de secado con capas de biomasa más finas y temperaturas más altas, alcanzando la deshidratación completa en 5 horas a 80 °C y 0,3 cm de espesor.
  • Se observó una compensación significativa entre la eficiencia del secado y la calidad de la biomasa, aumentando la degradación de los pigmentos con temperaturas más altas y duraciones de secado más largas.
  • Se desarrolló un modelo polinomial para predecir el deterioro de los pigmentos en función de los parámetros operativos.

Conclusiones:

  • El secado en bandeja es un método viable para el procesamiento de biomasa de microalgas, que ofrece tiempos de secado reducidos.
  • La optimización de los parámetros de secado en bandeja es esencial para equilibrar la eficiencia energética con la preservación de componentes valiosos de la biomasa, como los pigmentos.
  • El estudio proporciona un marco para el diseño y la ampliación de sistemas de secado en bandeja para biorrefinerías de microalgas.