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Producción mejorada de celulosa bacteriana por Komagataeibacter xylinus utilizando fuentes de nitrógeno de harina de

Dheanda Absharina¹, Csilla Veres², Alfonz Kedves^3,4

¹Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor, 6726, Szeged, Hungary. dheanda.absh@gmail.com.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology

|January 29, 2026

Resumen

Los investigadores exploraron el uso de harinas de cereales y pseudocereales para reemplazar fuentes de nitrógeno costosas para la producción de celulosa bacteriana (BC). Este enfoque sostenible redujo exitosamente los costos manteniendo la calidad de la BC, ofreciendo un método de bioprocesamiento escalable.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biotecnología; Ciencia de materiales; Microbiología

Sus antecedentes:

La producción de celulosa bacteriana (BC) se ve obstaculizada por los altos costos de las fuentes de nitrógeno refinadas como el extracto de levadura y la triptona.
La optimización de la fuente de nitrógeno para la producción de BC se explora menos en comparación con la sustitución de la fuente de carbono.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar harinas de cereales y pseudocereales como alternativas de nitrógeno rentables para Komagataeibacter xylinus DSMZ 2325.
Investigar el impacto de diferentes estrategias de sustitución de nitrógeno (CTN y CNSM) en el rendimiento y las propiedades de la BC.

Principales métodos:

Cribado de trece variantes de harina como fuentes de nitrógeno para fermentación estática.
Aplicación de las estrategias de Nitrógeno Total Constante (CTN) y Masa Constante de Fuente de Nitrógeno (CNSM).
Análisis estructural y de rendimiento de la celulosa bacteriana producida.

Principales resultados:

Rendimientos máximos de BC logrados: 3,40 g/L (soja), 3,17 g/L (teff), 2,74 g/L (quinua) y 1,94 g/L (triticale) bajo CTN.
La BC derivada de harina exhibió alta cristalinidad, redes fibrilares robustas y estabilidad térmica, comparable a los controles.
La harina de soja produjo la mayor cantidad de BC volumétrica, mientras que el triticale mostró el mayor aumento porcentual.

Conclusiones:

Los medios a base de agroharinas ofrecen una estrategia viable y de bajo costo para la producción sostenible de celulosa bacteriana.
La optimización de la fuente de nitrógeno utilizando subproductos agrícolas puede reducir los costos de bioprocesamiento.
La elección del sustrato influye en el rendimiento de la BC y las características de las fibrillas de celulosa, lo que permite una producción a medida.

Palabras clave:

Komagataeibacter xylinus Valorización de residuos agrícolas Cristalinidad Sustratos a base de harina Sustituciones de nitrógeno

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