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Efectos de la predecibilidad durante la comprensión lectora no se modulan por una carga de memoria de trabajo
1Department of English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies, National University of Singapore, Block AS5, 7 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore. aine.ito@nus.edu.sg.
Memory & cognition
|January 29, 2026
Resumen
La velocidad de lectura es más rápida para las palabras predecibles, y este efecto se mantiene incluso cuando la carga cognitiva es alta. La memoria de trabajo visuoespacial (WM) no es esencial para predecir palabras futuras durante la lectura.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología Cognitiva
- Neurociencia
- Lingüística
Sus antecedentes:
- La lectura implica el procesamiento de la predecibilidad de las palabras, con un reconocimiento más rápido de las palabras esperadas.
- El papel de las limitaciones de la memoria de trabajo (WM) en la modulación de este efecto de predecibilidad sigue siendo poco comprendido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo la disponibilidad de la memoria de trabajo visuoespacial (WM) influye en el procesamiento de palabras predecibles durante la lectura.
- Determinar si los recursos de WM son necesarios para calcular las probabilidades de palabras en tiempo real.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron dos experimentos pre-registrados con hablantes nativos de inglés.
- El Experimento 1 midió la duración de la mirada y la probabilidad de omisión.
- El Experimento 2 utilizó el tiempo de lectura autorizada para evaluar medidas de lectura sensibles a la predecibilidad bajo diferentes cargas de WM.
Principales resultados:
- Tanto la predecibilidad como la carga de WM afectaron significativamente los tiempos de lectura en todas las medidas.
- Se observó una interacción entre la predecibilidad y la carga de WM en el Experimento 2, pero no en el Experimento 1.
- Los análisis de seguimiento en el Experimento 2 replicaron los hallazgos del Experimento 1, sin mostrar interacción, lo que sugiere que la interacción inicial fue un artefacto.
Conclusiones:
- El efecto de predecibilidad en la lectura es robusto, incluso bajo condiciones cognitivamente exigentes.
- Los recursos de WM visuoespacial no son necesarios para el cálculo en línea de las probabilidades de palabras futuras durante la lectura.
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