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Efectos de la radiación simulada solar (UVB más UVA) en el microbioma de la piel: Un estudio exploratorio

Florian Dimmers^1,2, Doreen Reichert¹, Claudia Wigmann¹

¹IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany.

Photochemistry and photobiology

|January 29, 2026

Resumen

La radiación ultravioleta (UV) simulada solar altera significativamente el microbioma de la piel humana, incluso a bajas dosis. Estos cambios microbianos ocurren rápidamente y pueden persistir mucho después de la exposición.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología
Dermatología
Salud Ambiental

Sus antecedentes:

El microbioma de la piel desempeña un papel crucial en la salud y la inmunidad de la piel.
Se sabe que la radiación ultravioleta (UV) del sol afecta la fisiología de la piel.
No se comprende completamente el impacto de la radiación UV en la composición del microbioma de la piel.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los efectos de la radiación UV simulada solar (UVA y UVB) en el microbioma de la piel humana.
Determinar el curso temporal y la dependencia de la dosis de las alteraciones del microbioma inducidas por los rayos UV.

Principales métodos:

Estudio exploratorio in vivo con 30 voluntarios varones caucásicos sanos.
Exposición controlada a dosis sub-eritematosas y eritematosas de radiación UV (0,5, 0,7, 1,0 dosis mínima eritematosa).
Recolección de hisopos de piel a los 30 minutos, 24 horas y 96 horas post-exposición de sitios irradiados y de control.
Perfilado microbiano mediante citometría de flujo y análisis a través de la plataforma bioinformática FlowSoFine™.

Principales resultados:

Se observaron alteraciones pronunciadas en la composición microbiana de la piel tan solo 30 minutos después de la exposición a los rayos UV.
Se observó una recuperación parcial del microbioma con el tiempo, pero algunas alteraciones microbianas persistieron.
Las tendencias dependientes de la dosis en los cambios del microbioma sugieren una relación entre la dosis de UV y la alteración microbiana.
La radiación UV se identificó como un potente modulador de la homeostasis microbiana de la piel.

Conclusiones:

Incluso la exposición a UV baja y no eritematosa puede alterar rápidamente el equilibrio microbiano de la piel.
La radiación UV impacta significativamente la composición y estabilidad del microbioma de la piel humana.
Comprender estos efectos es crucial para las estrategias de salud de la piel y fotoprotección.

Palabras clave:

UVA UVB citometría de flujo piel humana in vivo microbioma de la piel

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