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Conocimiento, actitud y práctica sobre los fármacos que aumentan el riesgo de caídas en enfermeras: una encuesta
Minfang Zhu1, Xiuli Ou2, Xi'e Shu1
1Department of Neurology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China.
Frontiers in public health
|January 30, 2026
Resumen
Las enfermeras tienen un conocimiento moderado y actitudes positivas hacia los fármacos que aumentan el riesgo de caídas (FRID), y la formación mejora significativamente sus habilidades de manejo. La mejora de los programas de formación sobre FRID es clave para mejorar las estrategias de prevención de caídas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología; Ciencias de Enfermería; Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los fármacos que aumentan el riesgo de caídas (FRID) son un factor de riesgo significativo de caídas y lesiones en pacientes hospitalizados.; Las enfermeras son fundamentales para mitigar los riesgos de caídas y manejar los FRID en los entornos sanitarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica (CAP) de las enfermeras con respecto a los FRID.; Identificar los factores que influyen en el CAP de las enfermeras relacionados con los FRID.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado basado en el marco teórico CAP.; Se realizó una encuesta en línea a 542 enfermeras de 31 hospitales de la provincia de Guangdong, China.; Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron regresión logística univariada y ordinal, y correlación de Spearman.
Principales resultados:
- Las puntuaciones medianas de CAP de las enfermeras fueron 56,0 (conocimiento), 44,0 (actitud) y 47,0 (práctica).; La experiencia en formación, el departamento y el título profesional influyeron en el conocimiento; la formación y el título afectaron la actitud; la formación afectó principalmente la práctica.; Se encontraron correlaciones positivas significativas entre el conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica (todas p < 0,001).
Conclusiones:
- Las enfermeras muestran un conocimiento moderado, actitudes positivas y prácticas apropiadas con respecto a los FRID.; La experiencia en formación es un factor crucial que influye positivamente en todos los dominios del CAP.; La mejora del contenido de la formación sobre FRID y los incentivos pueden mejorar el CAP de las enfermeras y los resultados de la prevención de caídas.
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