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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

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Las señales contextuales dan forma al reconocimiento de las emociones faciales: un estudio combinado de

Mónica Toro^1,2, Cristian Cortés-Rivera^3,4, Francisco Cerić¹

¹Laboratorio de Neurociencia Afectiva (LaNA), Instituto de Bienestar Socioemocional (IBEM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

Frontiers in neuroscience

|January 30, 2026

Resumen

Las señales contextuales impactan significativamente el reconocimiento de las emociones faciales. Las señales incongruentes aumentan la atención cerebral temprana, mientras que las emociones negativas involucran un procesamiento cognitivo posterior, revelando un modelo de integración multietapa.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurociencia; Psicología Cognitiva; Interacción Social

Sus antecedentes:

Reconocer las emociones es crucial para la interacción social.; La integración del contexto y las expresiones faciales por parte del cerebro no se comprende completamente.; La percepción multisensorial de las emociones implica complejas dinámicas temporales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo la congruencia contextual y la valencia emocional afectan el reconocimiento de las emociones faciales.; Aclarar la dinámica temporal de la integración de las señales contextuales con las expresiones faciales.; Examinar los mecanismos neuronales utilizando potenciales relacionados con eventos (ERPs).

Principales métodos:

Los participantes vieron caras emocionales con señales bimodales (vocales y visuales) congruentes o incongruentes.; Se registraron las respuestas conductuales (velocidad, precisión).; Se midieron los potenciales relacionados con eventos (ERPs) para evaluar la actividad neuronal.

Principales resultados:

Conductual: Respuestas más rápidas y menos errores con señales congruentes.; Neuronal: Componente P1 más grande para señales incongruentes (atención temprana).; Neuronal: Componente P3 más grande para estímulos negativos frente a neutros (procesamiento cognitivo posterior).

Conclusiones:

La incongruencia contextual afecta el procesamiento emocional desde la percepción temprana hasta la evaluación posterior.; Los hallazgos respaldan un modelo multietapa de integración emocional.; Proporciona información sobre la percepción multisensorial de las emociones para la investigación clínica y aplicada.

Palabras clave:

neurociencia afectiva señales contextuales modulación contextual reconocimiento de emociones procesamiento emocional valencia emocional potenciales relacionados con eventos (ERP)

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