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Nefritis intersticial aguda inducida por vedolizumab

Darren Fernandes¹, Alok Mathew¹, Alastair Ferraro²

¹The Department of Gastroenterology, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.

Oxford medical case reports

|January 30, 2026

Resumen

El vedolizumab, utilizado para la colitis ulcerosa (CU), raramente puede causar nefritis intersticial aguda. La interrupción del vedolizumab y el tratamiento con esteroides condujeron a la recuperación de la función renal en un paciente con CU.

Área de la Ciencia:

Gastroenterología y Nefrología
Inmunología y Farmacología

Sus antecedentes:

El vedolizumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal anti-integrina selectivo para el intestino con un perfil de seguridad bien establecido para la colitis ulcerosa (CU).
Las complicaciones inusuales asociadas con la terapia con vedolizumab requieren una monitorización cuidadosa y conciencia entre los gastroenterólogos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar un caso raro de nefritis intersticial aguda (NIA) asociada con el tratamiento con vedolizumab en un paciente con CU.
Destacar la importancia de reconocer las complicaciones renales en pacientes que reciben vedolizumab.

Principales métodos:

Un informe de caso que detalla la presentación clínica, el estudio diagnóstico y el tratamiento de un paciente varón de 53 años con CU y cirrosis hepática.
Inclusión de hallazgos diagnósticos como resultados de biopsia renal y respuesta al tratamiento.

Principales resultados:

El paciente desarrolló un empeoramiento de la función renal con sedimentos urinarios reactivos durante la terapia con vedolizumab para la CU.
La biopsia renal confirmó la nefritis intersticial aguda.
La interrupción del vedolizumab y la iniciación de esteroides a altas dosis resultaron en una recuperación significativa de la función renal.

Conclusiones:

La nefritis intersticial aguda es un evento adverso potencial, aunque raro, asociado con la terapia con vedolizumab en pacientes con CU.
El reconocimiento y manejo tempranos, incluida la interrupción del fármaco y el tratamiento con corticosteroides, pueden conducir a resultados renales favorables.

Palabras clave:

gastroenterología nefrología

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