Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

Sinergia verde: un nuevo disolvente eutéctico profundo en microextracción flotante de gotas solidificadas asistida

Anwar Abduljaleel Mhmood Abodiame¹, Zainab Abdelmuttaleb Hammood², Isam Mohammed Turki³

¹The Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Najaf, Iraq.

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications

|January 30, 2026

Abstract:

A novel and green analytical technique was developed to determine lead in water, wastewater, and food samples. A new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES) contains 2,2'-(1H-benzo[d]imidazole-1,2-diyl) diphenol (BIP) and 1-dodecanol. This HDES was used as a synergistic solvent for air-assisted solidified floating organic drop microextraction (AA-SFODME). After extraction and preconcentration, lead was quantified using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The method demonstrated excellent analytical performance, with a wide linear range of 0.05-950 µg L^-1 and an enhancement factor (EF) of 50.0. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.02 µg L^-1 and 0.06 µg L^-1, respectively. The accuracy of this method was confirmed by analyzing certified reference materials (CRMs). Furthermore, the applicability and sustainability of the procedure were evaluated and compared. The Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), the Sample Preparation Metric of Sustainability (SPMS), and the Environmental, Performance, and Practicality Indicator (EPPI) tool scores were 75.0, 8.84, and 81.5, respectively. The results show significant improvement in environmental friendliness compared to previously reported methods for similar sample types.

Palabras clave:

disolvente eutéctico profundo microextracción plomo química verde espectrometría de absorción atómica con atomización en horno de grafito muestras de agua muestras de alimentos

Más Videos Relacionados

Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents

Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents

Published on: July 4, 2016

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method

Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method

Published on: April 18, 2019

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Solvents

Solvents

A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...

Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents

Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents

Most acid-base titrations are performed in an aqueous medium. In aqueous titrations, water competes with weaker acids or bases for proton donation or acceptance, leading to ambiguous endpoints in the titration curve. Water also affects the partial ionization of weak acids or bases. For example, water accepts a proton from acetic acid to form hydronium and acetate ions. The hydronium ion formed is a stronger acid than acetic acid, and the acetate ion is a stronger base than water. As a result,...

Green Algae

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies

Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies

In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.