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Updated: Feb 1, 2026
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Perspectives on Neuroscience
Published on: July 31, 2007
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Síndrome POEMS: una perspectiva neuromuscular
Trajano Aguiar Pires Gonçalves1, Camila Derminio Donadel2, Rodrigo Siqueira Soares Frezatti1
1Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
|January 30, 2026
Resumen
El síndrome POEMS, un trastorno raro, a menudo imita otras neuropatías, lo que retrasa el diagnóstico. La identificación temprana de sus características clínicas, neurofisiológicas y de imagen únicas, junto con los niveles de VEGF, es crucial para un tratamiento oportuno y mejores resultados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología; Hematología; Genética
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome POEMS es un trastorno multisistémico raro asociado con discrasias de células plasmáticas.
- Con frecuencia se presenta con neuropatía periférica, a menudo mal diagnosticada como polirradiculoneuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica.
- La complejidad y heterogeneidad de la afección contribuyen a los desafíos diagnósticos y al retraso en el manejo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Destacar las características diferenciadoras clave del síndrome POEMS.
- Enfatizar el papel del factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF) en su fisiopatología.
- Subrayar la importancia del diagnóstico temprano y el manejo multidisciplinario.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de características clínicas, neurofisiológicas y de imagen.
- Discusión de criterios diagnósticos e investigaciones de laboratorio, incluidos los niveles de VEGF y el cribado de proteínas monoclonales.
- Descripción general de las estrategias terapéuticas basadas en la extensión de la enfermedad.
Principales resultados:
- La afectación del nervio periférico en el síndrome POEMS es principalmente desmielinizante con degeneración axonal temprana.
- Los niveles elevados de VEGF son centrales en la fisiopatología, alterando la barrera sangre-nervio.
- Las características diagnósticas específicas ayudan a diferenciar el POEMS de otras neuropatías desmielinizantes.
Conclusiones:
- El diagnóstico preciso del síndrome POEMS requiere un enfoque multidisciplinario y pruebas avanzadas.
- La identificación e intervención tempranas son críticas para prevenir el daño nervioso irreversible y optimizar el pronóstico del paciente.
- El reconocimiento rápido de los hallazgos característicos mejora la eficacia del tratamiento y los resultados a largo plazo.
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