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Telemonitorización en Enfermedades Respiratorias: Evidencia Actual, Experiencia Clínica y Desafíos Futuros
Daniel López-Padilla1, Vitalii Poberezhets2, Nicolas Roche3
1Respiratory Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Archivos de bronconeumologia
|January 31, 2026
Resumen
La telemonitorización mejora la atención respiratoria al permitir la detección temprana y las intervenciones personalizadas para afecciones como la EPOC. Si bien es beneficiosa, persisten los desafíos en el acceso y la integración para una adopción generalizada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina Respiratoria
- Salud Digital
- Investigación de Servicios de Salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La telemonitorización se utiliza cada vez más en la atención respiratoria.
- Los avances tecnológicos como la IA y los dispositivos portátiles están transformando la gestión de pacientes.
- La pandemia de COVID-19 aceleró la adopción de la telemonitorización.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la evidencia actual sobre telemonitorización en las principales enfermedades respiratorias.
- Identificar beneficios, desafíos y direcciones futuras para la implementación de la telemonitorización.
- Evaluar el papel de la telemonitorización en la optimización de los recursos sanitarios.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión narrativa de la evidencia existente y la experiencia clínica.
- Análisis de las aplicaciones de telemonitorización en diversas afecciones respiratorias y entornos de atención.
- Examen de la integración de IA, conectividad y dispositivos portátiles.
Principales resultados:
- Fuerte evidencia apoya la telemonitorización para la EPOC, reduciendo exacerbaciones y hospitalizaciones.
- Los resultados para el asma y las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales son más variados.
- Los sistemas de telemonitorización utilizan IA para el análisis de datos y la intervención.
Conclusiones:
- La telemonitorización muestra un potencial significativo en el manejo de pacientes respiratorios, especialmente para la EPOC.
- Los desafíos clave incluyen la participación del paciente, la equidad digital, la privacidad de los datos y la integración en la atención estándar.
- La implementación futura requiere abordar las barreras técnicas, éticas y organizativas para un acceso equitativo y la rentabilidad.
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