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Somnolencia diurna excesiva asociada de forma independiente con la deshidratación en adultos mayores
Evrim Ataca1, Mert Can Ataca1, Cihan Heybeli2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Türkiye.
BMC geriatrics
|January 31, 2026
Resumen
La somnolencia diurna excesiva (SDE) en adultos mayores está relacionada con la deshidratación manifiesta. El monitoreo de la somnolencia puede ayudar a identificar a las personas en riesgo para intervenciones de hidratación oportunas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geriatría
- Medicina del Sueño
- Nutrición Clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- La somnolencia diurna excesiva (SDE) es prevalente en adultos mayores.
- La SDE puede reducir la ingesta oral, aumentando el riesgo de deshidratación y los resultados adversos para la salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la SDE y la osmolaridad plasmática elevada (Posm) en una población geriátrica.
- Determinar si la SDE es un predictor independiente de deshidratación en adultos mayores.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal de 1.335 adultos ≥65 años.
- Clasificación de los participantes según SDE mediante la Escala de Somnolencia Epworth (≥11).
- Estimación de la Posm y análisis de las asociaciones con la SDE mediante regresión logística, ajustando por confusores.
Principales resultados:
- La SDE estuvo presente en el 24% de los participantes; el 23% tuvo deshidratación manifiesta (Posm >300 mmol/L).
- La SDE se asoció de forma independiente con la deshidratación manifiesta (Posm >300 mmol/L; OR 1.51, p=0.027).
- La SDE no se asoció con deshidratación general (Posm >295 mmol/L).
Conclusiones:
- La somnolencia diurna excesiva es un predictor independiente de deshidratación manifiesta en adultos mayores.
- La evaluación rutinaria de la SDE puede identificar a las personas en riesgo de deshidratación.
- La identificación temprana permite intervenciones de hidratación oportunas para mejorar los resultados de salud en las poblaciones que envejecen.
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