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Enriquecimiento de hierro más eficiente en Auxenochlorella protothecoides heterotrófica mediante la manipulación de

Byron Perez¹, Yanmeng Yang², Daniel Roxby²

¹Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Singapore-ETH Centre, 1 Create Way, 138602 Singapore, Singapore.

Bioresource technology

|February 1, 2026

Resumen

La maximización de la bioacumulación de hierro en microalgas requiere estrategias de cultivo específicas. La eliminación de materia orgánica y el control de los niveles de nitrógeno aumentan significativamente el contenido de hierro para aplicaciones sostenibles de alimentos y piensos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biotecnología
Ciencia de la Nutrición
Agricultura Sostenible

Sus antecedentes:

Las microalgas, como Auxenochlorella protothecoides, son prometedoras para la entrega de micronutrientes, especialmente el enriquecimiento de hierro.
El cultivo heterotrófico de microalgas es eficiente pero presenta desafíos para la captación de hierro debido a la baja solubilidad y la complejación con la materia orgánica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto de la fuente y disponibilidad de nitrógeno en la acumulación de hierro en microalgas cultivadas heterotróficamente.
Identificar las condiciones de cultivo óptimas para mejorar la bioacumulación de hierro en Auxenochlorella protothecoides.

Principales métodos:

Comparación de cuatro estrategias de cultivo diferentes para Auxenochlorella protothecoides.
Suplementación con citrato de amonio férrico a 200 μg/mL.
Cuantificación del hierro intracelular mediante la relacometría de resonancia magnética micromagnética ácida (μMRR ácida) y la espectrometría de masas con plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-MS).

Principales resultados:

La transferencia de microalgas a un medio libre de nitrógeno y materia orgánica con suplementación de hierro condujo a una acumulación de hierro altamente eficiente.
Se alcanzó un contenido de hierro intracelular de 3170 ± 254 mg/kg de peso seco, un aumento de 25 veces en comparación con las condiciones estándar.
La μMRR ácida demostró una fuerte concordancia con el ICP-MS para la cuantificación del hierro, ofreciendo un análisis más rápido y sencillo.

Conclusiones:

La eliminación de la materia orgánica disuelta y la privación controlada de nitrógeno son estrategias clave para mejorar la bioacumulación de hierro en microalgas.
Este enfoque mejora significativamente las microalgas como fuente de hierro para la alimentación humana, animal y la agricultura.
La μMRR ácida es una herramienta valiosa para analizar microalgas enriquecidas con nutrientes en aplicaciones sostenibles.

Palabras clave:

Biofortificación Citrato de amonio férrico Hierro Microalgas μMRR

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