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Anormalidades Pulmonares en Radiografías Relacionadas con Actividades de Minería de Oro Convencional en Sudán: Un
Amal Khalil Y Mohammed1,2, Awad Eljeed Abugooda Alobaid3, Eldisugi Hassan M Humida4,5
1Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, SDN.
Cureus
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
Los trabajadores de oro sudaneses muestran fibrosis y consolidación pulmonar por exposición a sílice y mercurio. Estos hallazgos resaltan riesgos significativos para la salud en la minería tradicional, lo que requiere mejores prácticas de seguridad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Ocupacional
- Salud Ambiental
- Radiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La minería de oro tradicional libera polvo de mercurio y sílice, lo que plantea graves riesgos para la salud.
- El polvo de sílice causa problemas respiratorios, mientras que el mercurio daña los riñones y el cerebro.
- La exposición combinada puede conducir a efectos sinérgicos en la salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las anomalías pulmonares en trabajadores de oro sudaneses.
- Analizar los patrones radiográficos asociados con las exposiciones ocupacionales.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio piloto descriptivo transversal en El-Obeid, Sudán.
- Participaron setenta y cinco trabajadores de oro varones, de entre 20 y 62 años.
Principales resultados:
- La fibrosis pulmonar fue la anomalía más común (44%), seguida de la consolidación (8%).
- También se observaron fibrosis y consolidación combinadas (7%) y derrame (4%).
- La edad media de los participantes fue de 32,4 años.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos radiográficos indican que la fibrosis y la consolidación pulmonar son prevalentes entre los trabajadores de oro sudaneses.
- Estas anomalías están relacionadas con las prácticas mineras tradicionales, lo que supone riesgos, especialmente para los trabajadores más jóvenes.
- Es fundamental implementar prácticas mineras formales y capacitación en seguridad para mitigar los riesgos para la salud.
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