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Investigación sobre la evolución espacio-temporal de la eficiencia en la asignación de recursos sanitarios en China
Lin Wan1, Jiayi Ye1, Wuxiang Shi1
1School of Humanities and Management, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.
Frontiers in public health
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
China
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gestión Sanitaria
- Economía de la Salud
- Política de Salud Pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La asignación de recursos sanitarios en China enfrenta desafíos.
- El aumento de la entrada de recursos no ha aumentado proporcionalmente la producción sanitaria.
- Existen disparidades regionales significativas en la eficiencia sanitaria.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar la eficiencia de la asignación de recursos sanitarios en las provincias chinas (2014-2023).
- Identificar los factores que limitan la mejora de los servicios sanitarios.
- Proponer estrategias para mejorar los servicios sanitarios.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis Envolvente de Datos (modelo DEA-BCC) para la medición de la eficiencia estática.
- Índice de Malmquist para analizar la dinámica de la productividad total de los factores.
- Análisis de la evolución espacio-temporal de la eficiencia regional.
Principales resultados:
- La eficiencia integral promedio nacional fue de 0.869 en 2023, y más de la mitad de las provincias fueron ineficaces según el DEA.
- Las regiones del este lideran en eficiencia, mientras que las regiones centrales se quedan atrás y las regiones del oeste muestran una alta fluctuación.
- La productividad total de los factores promedió 0.984 de 2014 a 2023, con una ligera tendencia a la baja atribuida al rezago en el progreso tecnológico.
Conclusiones:
- Implementar el reequilibrio de recursos a nivel provincial para abordar la sobreasignación.
- Acelerar la difusión de tecnología médica a la atención primaria.
- Mejorar el progreso tecnológico a través de la cooperación regional y la actualización de equipos.
- Adoptar la gestión de benchmarking utilizando las experiencias de las provincias de alta eficiencia en alianzas sanitarias y salud digital.
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