Pirólisis Sostenible: Comportamiento de Combustión de B₄C/Bi₂O₃ para Composiciones de Retardo
Danillo F Vianna Cantini1, Vojtěch Pelikán1, Eva Schmidová2
1Institute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic.
ACS omega
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio investiga el carburo de boro (B₄C) y el óxido de bismuto(III) (Bi₂O₃) como composiciones de retardo pirotécnicas sostenibles. Una mayor compactación reduce las velocidades de combustión al limitar la porosidad, optimizando formulaciones más ecológicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los Materiales
- Química de la Combustión
- Química Verde
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de composiciones de retardo pirotécnicas sostenibles es crucial para los avances ambientales y de rendimiento.
- Las formulaciones tradicionales a menudo dependen de componentes menos ecológicos.
- El carburo de boro (B₄C) y el óxido de bismuto(III) (Bi₂O₃) ofrecen alternativas ecológicas prometedoras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar el comportamiento de combustión de las composiciones pirotécnicas de B₄C/Bi₂O₃.
- Comprender la influencia de la presión de compactación y el tamaño de partícula/gránulo en las velocidades de combustión.
- Elucidar la vía de reacción multietapa de estas formulaciones más ecológicas.
Principales métodos:
- Cálculos termodinámicos para el diseño de formulaciones.
- Granulación y prensado de composiciones a presiones variables (64-385 MPa).
- Análisis de la velocidad de combustión, examen de residuos sólidos y análisis de gases de combustión.
Principales resultados:
- La mayor presión de compactación disminuyó progresivamente las velocidades de combustión debido a la reducción de la porosidad.
- Los tamaños de partícula y gránulo influyeron significativamente en el comportamiento de la combustión y los perfiles de combustión.
- El mecanismo de reacción implica distintas fases sólida-sólida, sólida-líquida y gaseosa.
Conclusiones:
- Las formulaciones de B₄C/Bi₂O₃ demuestran viabilidad como materiales pirotécnicos ecológicos.
- La presión de compactación es un parámetro clave para controlar las velocidades de combustión en estas composiciones más ecológicas.
- La comprensión de la vía de reacción multietapa permite la optimización del rendimiento y la reducción del impacto ambiental.
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