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Asociación longitudinal entre la hemorragia del disco y la progresión del glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto: una
Chelsea Qiu Lin Tan1, Claire Jing-Wen Tan1, Bee Choo Tai2
1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.
Ophthalmic epidemiology
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
Las hemorragias del disco óptico (HD) predicen la progresión del glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto (GPAA), especialmente en el glaucoma de tensión normal (GTN). La HD basal indica un mayor riesgo de pérdida del campo visual y adelgazamiento de la capa de fibras nerviosas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología
- Investigación sobre Glaucoma
- Diagnóstico Médico
Sus antecedentes:
- Las hemorragias del disco óptico (HD) son indicadores clave en el glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto (GPAA).
- El impacto de la HD inicial en la progresión del GPAA y del glaucoma de tensión normal (GTN) carece de datos longitudinales extensos.
- Comprender el papel de la HD es crucial para predecir el empeoramiento del glaucoma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Sistematizar y meta-analizar la asociación entre la HD basal y la progresión del GPAA/GTN.
- Determinar si la HD inicial influye en la tasa de empeoramiento del glaucoma.
- Investigar la relación entre la ubicación de la HD y el deterioro del campo visual.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis de estudios observacionales (PROSPERO CRD42021292572).
- Se realizaron búsquedas en PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, SCOPUS y Web of Science hasta el 1 de julio de 2025.
- Se incluyeron estudios en pacientes mayores de 18 años con criterios definidos de progresión de GPAA/GTN.
Principales resultados:
- 22 estudios (7 prospectivos, 15 retrospectivos) fueron incluidos.
- La HD basal se asoció significativamente con la progresión del GPAA (OR=4,51) y la progresión del GTN (OR=5,15).
- La HD ocurrió comúnmente en la región inferotemporal, correlacionándose con las ubicaciones de los defectos del campo visual.
Conclusiones:
- La HD basal es un predictor significativo de la progresión del GPAA, particularmente en el GTN.
- Los pacientes con GPAA y HD basal requieren una monitorización intensificada para detectar el adelgazamiento de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina y la pérdida del campo visual.
- La presencia de HD justifica una vigilancia clínica más estrecha en el manejo del glaucoma.
Palabras clave:
Hemorragia del discoprogresión del glaucomaglaucoma de tensión normalglaucoma primario de ángulo abiertocampo visualMás Videos Relacionados
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