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Racismo internalizado y autoestima personal en grupos minoritarios etnorraciales: una revisión meta-analítica
Drexler James1, Elie ChingYen Yu2, Yilin Wang3
1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.
Psychological bulletin
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
El racismo internalizado, la aceptación de estereotipos negativos sobre el propio grupo, se correlaciona negativamente con la autoestima en las minorías etnorraciales. Esta relación es más fuerte para el racismo autodirigido y el autoodio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología; Sociología; Salud Pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El racismo internalizado implica que los grupos marginados acepten las narrativas de superioridad del grupo dominante.
- Comprender su impacto en la autoestima es crucial para las intervenciones de salud mental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Realizar el primer metaanálisis sobre la relación entre el racismo internalizado y la autoestima personal.
- Examinar los moderadores que influyen en esta asociación.
Principales métodos:
- Metaanálisis de 117 tamaños de efecto de correlación de 54 estudios transversales.
- Involucró a 15,548 participantes de minorías etnorraciales (1982-2024).
Principales resultados:
- Una correlación negativa significativa de pequeña a moderada (r = -.22) entre el racismo internalizado y la autoestima.
- La asociación fue más fuerte para el racismo internalizado autodirigido y el autoodio.
- Los estudios con menor riesgo de sesgo mostraron efectos más fuertes.
Conclusiones:
- El racismo internalizado está relacionado con una menor autoestima entre las minorías etnorraciales.
- Se necesita más investigación con diseños longitudinales y poblaciones diversas.
- La causalidad y la generalización a los grupos dominantes requieren una mayor investigación.
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