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Infecciones Invasivas por Escherichia coli Extraintestinal en EE. UU
Heather N Grome1, Joshua M Brandenburg1, Alyssa G Kent1
1Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA network open
|February 2, 2026
Resumen
Las infecciones invasivas por Escherichia coli representan una amenaza significativa para la salud pública, particularmente en adultos mayores, con tasas preocupantes de resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Este estudio destaca la necesidad urgente de mejorar las estrategias de prevención contra E. coli invasiva (EIEC).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades Infecciosas; Epidemiología; Microbiología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las infecciones invasivas por Escherichia coli extraintestinal (EIEC) son una causa importante de sepsis y hospitalizaciones.
- La resistencia a los antimicrobianos en EIEC es una preocupación creciente, lo que complica el tratamiento y los resultados de los pacientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la epidemiología de las infecciones invasivas por E. coli en EE. UU.
- Caracterizar las características clínicas y moleculares de estas infecciones.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohortes que utiliza datos de vigilancia activa basada en laboratorio y población de 9 sitios de EE. UU.
- Los datos incluyeron más de 7,2 millones de personas, analizando registros médicos y características de los aislados de junio a agosto de 2023.
Principales resultados:
- El estudio identificó 1345 casos de EIEC, con una tasa de incidencia anual general de 74.7 por 100.000 habitantes.
- Las infecciones fueron más comunes en personas de 60 años o más, siendo la diabetes una condición subyacente frecuente.
- Se observaron altas tasas de resistencia a los antimicrobianos, incluida la resistencia a ciprofloxacina (25,9%) y trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol (28,8%).
Conclusiones:
- La enfermedad invasiva por E. coli representa una carga sustancial para la salud pública, que afecta de manera desproporcionada a las poblaciones de mayor edad.
- Las altas tasas de resistencia a los antimicrobianos subrayan la necesidad de esfuerzos efectivos de prevención de salud pública y de administración de antimicrobianos.
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