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Bioconversión de residuos a alimento mediante larvas de Hermetia illucens: Perspectivas actuales y futuras
1Animal Resources and Food Safety Department, Technical University of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
Open veterinary journal
|February 3, 2026
Resumen
Las larvas de mosca soldado negra (Hermetia illucens) convierten los residuos orgánicos en biomasa rica en nutrientes para la alimentación animal sostenible. Esta bioconversión ofrece una solución innovadora para la gestión de residuos y la producción de proteínas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Biotecnología
- Agricultura Sostenible
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de la población mundial y la producción ganadera intensiva generan una cantidad significativa de residuos orgánicos.
- Existe una creciente demanda de fuentes de proteínas sostenibles para la alimentación animal.
- Las larvas de mosca soldado negra (Hermetia illucens, BSF) son una solución prometedora para la valorización de residuos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los avances recientes en el uso de larvas de BSF para la bioconversión de residuos en alimento.
- Explorar los factores que influyen en el rendimiento de las larvas, la calidad de la biomasa y el procesamiento.
- Identificar los desafíos y las oportunidades para la adopción industrial de la tecnología BSF.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura sobre la investigación de bioconversión de larvas de BSF.
- Análisis del crecimiento larval, la utilización del sustrato y la composición de la biomasa.
- Evaluación de las tecnologías de procesamiento, la seguridad y los aspectos regulatorios.
Principales resultados:
- Las larvas de BSF degradan eficientemente diversos residuos orgánicos en biomasa rica en proteínas y grasas.
- La biomasa de BSF es un ingrediente alimentario adecuado para aves de corral, cerdos, acuicultura y mascotas.
- Los avances en la cría y el procesamiento mejoran la eficiencia y la calidad del producto.
Conclusiones:
- Las larvas de BSF ofrecen un método ambientalmente racional para la gestión de residuos orgánicos y la producción sostenible de proteínas.
- Los desafíos clave incluyen la estandarización del sustrato, el control microbiano, la reducción de costos y la escalabilidad.
- La integración exitosa en modelos de economía circular requiere mejoras tecnológicas, políticas de apoyo y colaboración.
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