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De la aguja a la necrosis: reporte de caso de síndrome de Nicolau
Ramya A1, Ambigai Ssk1, Adikrishnan Swaminathan1
1Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND.
Cureus
|February 4, 2026
Resumen
El síndrome de Nicolau es una rara complicación de la inyección que causa necrosis cutánea dolorosa. Este caso destaca las inyecciones de diclofenaco como una posible causa, enfatizando la necesidad de comprender los riesgos asociados con los procedimientos médicos comunes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina
- Dermatología
- Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de Nicolau es un evento adverso raro pero grave después de las inyecciones.
- Se manifiesta como dolor, isquemia y necrosis en el sitio de inyección.
- Comprender sus causas es crucial debido a la prevalencia de medicamentos inyectables.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar un caso de síndrome de Nicolau después de la inyección de diclofenaco.
- Revisar la etiología, la presentación clínica y el manejo del síndrome de Nicolau.
Principales métodos:
- Reporte de caso de un paciente varón de 51 años con síntomas después de diclofenaco intramuscular.
- Revisión de la literatura sobre las causas, características clínicas y tratamientos del síndrome de Nicolau.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente desarrolló dolor, decoloración de la piel, necrosis y ulceración después de la inyección.
- Se identificó el diclofenaco como el agente causal probable.
- La revisión de la literatura confirmó que varios fármacos pueden desencadenar este síndrome.
Conclusiones:
- El síndrome de Nicolau es una complicación grave de las inyecciones, incluso con medicamentos comunes como el diclofenaco.
- El reconocimiento y manejo tempranos son esenciales para prevenir resultados graves.
- La concienciación entre los proveedores de atención médica es vital para la mitigación de riesgos.
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