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Carcinoma de células de Merkel: respuesta completa a la inmunoterapia con avelumab

Eamonn Byrne¹, Mel Corbett^1,2, Eoin Conlon¹

¹Department of Otolaryngology Saint Vincent's University Hospital Dublin Ireland.

Clinical case reports

|February 4, 2026

Resumen

El carcinoma de células de Merkel es agresivo, pero las nuevas inmunoterapias ofrecen mejores resultados. Estos tratamientos son prometedores incluso para los pacientes que reciben cuidados paliativos, mejorando la supervivencia a largo plazo en casos de cáncer avanzado.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oncología
Inmunoterapia
Dermatología

Sus antecedentes:

El carcinoma de células de Merkel (CCM) es un cáncer de piel raro pero agresivo.
El pronóstico es particularmente malo para los pacientes que no son elegibles para la resección quirúrgica.
Existen opciones de tratamiento limitadas para el CCM avanzado o irresecable.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar la eficacia de nuevos agentes de inmunoterapia en el carcinoma de células de Merkel.
Evaluar los resultados en pacientes tratados con inmunoterapia, incluidos aquellos con fines paliativos.
Explorar el papel de la inmunoterapia en la mejora de la supervivencia a largo plazo para el CCM.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de datos clínicos de pacientes con carcinoma de células de Merkel tratados con inmunoterapia.
Análisis de la respuesta al tratamiento y las tasas de supervivencia.
Comparación de los resultados entre diferentes regímenes de inmunoterapia (monoterapia vs. adyuvante).

Principales resultados:

Los agentes de inmunoterapia demuestran una eficacia significativa en el tratamiento del carcinoma de células de Merkel.
Se observaron mejores resultados a largo plazo y tasas de supervivencia.
Se observaron resultados positivos incluso en pacientes que recibieron cuidados paliativos.

Conclusiones:

Las nuevas inmunoterapias representan un avance significativo en el tratamiento del carcinoma de células de Merkel.
Estos agentes ofrecen esperanza para mejorar el pronóstico, incluso en casos avanzados o irresecables.
La inmunoterapia es una opción valiosa tanto para estrategias de tratamiento curativo como paliativo en el CCM.

Palabras clave:

carcinoma de células de Merkel inmunoterapia oncología otorrinolaringología

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