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El paciente edéntulo con un dispositivo de avance mandibular
E M C Schotanus1, H H R Al-Bayyati2, L J Koppendraaier3
1The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Nederlands tijdschrift voor tandheelkunde
|February 4, 2026
Resumen
Los dispositivos de avance mandibular son eficaces para tratar la apnea obstructiva del sueño en pacientes edéntulos. Esta terapia muestra resultados positivos con pocos problemas, ofreciendo una alternativa a la CPAP para aquellos sin dientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina Dental del Sueño
- Medicina Respiratoria
Sus antecedentes:
- La apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS) es común y afecta a muchos pacientes edéntulos.
- La presión positiva continua en las vías respiratorias (CPAP) es el estándar, pero tiene baja adherencia.
- Los dispositivos de avance mandibular (DAM) son alternativas, pero a menudo se evitan en pacientes edéntulos debido a preocupaciones sobre la retención.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la literatura sobre la terapia con DAM para pacientes edéntulos con SAOS.
- Proporcionar una herramienta de toma de decisiones para los profesionales que consideran los DAM para esta población.
Principales métodos:
- Una revisión de alcance siguiendo las pautas PRISMA.
- Búsqueda de literatura realizada en la base de datos MEDLINE.
Principales resultados:
- Los estudios incluidos informaron una reducción en el Índice de Apnea-Hipopnea (IAH) en pacientes edéntulos con SAOS que usan dispositivos de avance mandibular (DAM).
- Se encontraron pocos problemas relacionados con la terapia en los estudios.
- La terapia con DAM demostró resultados positivos para pacientes edéntulos con SAOS.
Conclusiones:
- La terapia con DAM es una opción de tratamiento viable y eficaz para pacientes edéntulos que padecen apnea obstructiva del sueño.
- Los profesionales pueden considerar con confianza los DAM para pacientes edéntulos, respaldados por la evidencia de la literatura.
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