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Prueba de Sistemas Clínicos Basada en Simulación en el Nuevo Hospital Universitario LMU: Comparación Entre Simulación
Selina Kim1, Julia Schrader-Reichling, Marc Lazarovici
1Institut für Notfallmedizin und Medizinmanagement (INM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
Journal of patient safety
|February 4, 2026
Resumen
La prueba de sistemas clínicos basada en simulación (SbCST) prepara eficazmente al personal de atención médica para nuevas instalaciones. Tanto la simulación in situ a gran escala como la simulación de procesos identifican amenazas latentes a la seguridad (LST), y la simulación a gran escala muestra menos riesgos graves.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gestión de la Atención Médica
- Seguridad del Paciente
- Simulación Clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- La preparación óptima del personal de atención médica es crucial antes de la apertura de nuevas instalaciones clínicas.
- La prueba de sistemas clínicos basada en simulación (SbCST) es un método validado para esta preparación.
- SbCST identifica amenazas latentes a la seguridad (LST) que podrían comprometer la seguridad del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar los resultados de dos métodos SbCST: simulación in situ a gran escala y simulación de procesos.
- Analizar las categorías de LST identificadas por cada tipo de simulación.
- Evaluar la efectividad de SbCST en la preparación del personal para nuevos entornos hospitalarios.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó SbCST en un nuevo hospital utilizando simulación in situ a gran escala y simulación de procesos.
- Se recopiló la retroalimentación de los participantes a través de encuestas pre y post sesión.
- Las LST identificadas se categorizaron utilizando matrices de riesgo basadas en la probabilidad y el impacto en la seguridad del paciente y el personal.
Principales resultados:
- 120 participantes encontraron que SbCST es muy útil para la preparación de nuevas instalaciones, calificando ambas modalidades de simulación de manera positiva.
- Las LST comunes en ambos métodos involucraron equipos, dinámicas de equipo, diseño de la sala y accesibilidad.
- La simulación a gran escala identificó menos LST con alta gravedad en relación con la seguridad del paciente y la tensión del personal en comparación con la simulación de procesos.
Conclusiones:
- Tanto la simulación in situ a gran escala como la simulación de procesos son efectivas para identificar LST y preparar a los profesionales de la salud para nuevas instalaciones.
- La elección del tipo de simulación puede depender de la fase de construcción.
- La utilización de herramientas de gestión de riesgos existentes ayuda a los administradores del hospital a priorizar las LST identificadas.
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