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Complejos de plata(I) con N-metilfenotiazina como potenciales agentes antimicrobianos con un modo de acción

Tina P Andrejević¹, Jovica Branković¹, Tatjana Ilic-Tomic²

¹University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia. violeta.markovic@pmf.kg.ac.rs.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

|February 4, 2026

Resumen

Tres nuevos complejos de plata(I) que contienen ligandos de N-Metilfenotiazina (N-Mephtz) muestran una prometedora actividad antimicrobiana. El complejo 1 demostró una eficacia significativa contra bacterias y hongos, con posibles efectos anticancerígenos y capacidades de unión al ADN.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química de coordinación
Química inorgánica medicinal
Química biofísica

Sus antecedentes:

Los complejos de plata(I) se exploran por sus diversas actividades biológicas.
Los derivados de fenotiazina sirven como ligandos versátiles en química de coordinación.
Se investiga la N-metilfenotiazina (N-Mephtz) como ligando para nuevos complejos metálicos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Sintetizar y caracterizar nuevos complejos de plata(I) con N-Mephtz.
Evaluar las propiedades antimicrobianas, citotóxicas e de interacción biomolecular de estos complejos.
Investigar las propiedades estructurales y electrónicas utilizando métodos computacionales.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de complejos de plata(I): [Ag(N-Mephtz)4]X (X = CF3SO3-, SbF6-, PF6-).
Caracterización estructural por difracción de rayos X de cristal único y métodos espectroscópicos (IR, UV-Vis).
Ensayos antimicrobianos, evaluaciones de citotoxicidad (líneas celulares de cáncer A549, HCT116), estudios de unión de ADN/BSA, cálculos DFT/TD-DFT y acoplamiento molecular.

Principales resultados:

Cuatro ligandos de N-Mephtz coordinados a plata(I) a través del azufre, formando especies catiónicas [Ag(N-Mephtz)4]+.
El complejo 1 exhibió una notable actividad antimicrobiana contra todas las cepas probadas (MIC 8-30 µg mL-1).
Los complejos mostraron citotoxicidad hacia líneas celulares de cáncer y una unión significativa al ADN del cordón umbilical a través del surco menor.

Conclusiones:

Los complejos de plata(I) sintetizados poseen una actividad antimicrobiana significativa y potencial antiproliferativa.
El complejo 1 es un candidato prometedor para un mayor desarrollo como agente antimicrobiano.
Se necesita una mayor optimización estructural para mejorar la selectividad y reducir la citotoxicidad en células de mamíferos.

Palabras clave:

complejos de plata N-metilfenotiazina agentes antimicrobianos unión al ADN citotoxicidad

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