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Composición de la comunidad de escarabajos longicornios (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) en torno a diferentes
Sabina Noor1, Emma Despland1, Miguel Montoro Girona2
1Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R2, QC, Canada.
Journal of environmental management
|February 4, 2026
Resumen
Las infraestructuras humanas como aserraderos y minas no aumentan las invasiones de escarabajos longicornios exóticos en los bosques de Quebec. La diversidad y abundancia de escarabajos nativos están más influenciadas por la composición del bosque que por la infraestructura cercana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología
- Entomología
- Biología de la Conservación
Sus antecedentes:
- El procesamiento de la madera, la minería y las infraestructuras recreativas pueden facilitar la introducción y propagación de insectos barrenadores de madera, incluidos los escarabajos longicornios (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).
- Los escarabajos longicornios infestan típicamente árboles estresados o muertos y a menudo son transportados a través de productos de madera, lo que representa un riesgo de establecimiento de especies exóticas cerca de paisajes alterados por el hombre.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo los diferentes tipos de infraestructura humana (aserraderos, minas, campings) influyen en la diversidad, abundancia y potencial de invasión de los escarabajos longicornios.
- Comparar las comunidades de escarabajos longicornios en sitios de infraestructura gestionada con las de controles forestales no perturbados.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó el muestreo de escarabajos longicornios en 2021 y 2022 en 11 aserraderos, 10 minas, 11 campings y 12 sitios forestales de control en el noroeste de Quebec, Canadá.
- Se utilizaron mezclas ampliamente atractivas de feromonas y volátiles del huésped para atraer y recolectar escarabajos.
- Se empleó el escalado multidimensional no métrico (NMDS) para analizar los cambios en la composición de la comunidad en relación con el tipo de infraestructura y la composición del bosque.
Principales resultados:
- No se detectaron especies exóticas de escarabajos longicornios; la alta diversidad de especies nativas puede conferir resistencia a la invasión.
- Los sitios de aserraderos exhibieron la mayor diversidad y uniformidad de escarabajos longicornios, con un aumento de la abundancia de especies nativas comunes.
- La composición de la comunidad de escarabajos longicornios se correlacionó más fuertemente con la composición de los rodales forestales (por ejemplo, abeto balsámico, pino de Jack, abeto blanco) que con el tipo de infraestructura adyacente.
Conclusiones:
- Las infraestructuras humanas actuales en el noroeste de Quebec no muestran evidencia de un mayor riesgo de invasión de escarabajos longicornios exóticos.
- Los ensamblajes de escarabajos longicornios nativos parecen ser resistentes, y la estructura de la comunidad está impulsada principalmente por el tipo de bosque en lugar de la presencia de infraestructura.
- El monitoreo y la vigilancia continuos son esenciales para la detección temprana de posibles invasiones futuras.
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