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Visualización de los modelos de trabajo internos a través de la terapia de collage de desarrollo del análisis
1Clinical Psychology, Tokyo Clinical Psychology Counseling Academy, Tokyo, JPN.
Cureus
|February 5, 2026
Resumen
La Terapia de Collage de Desarrollo del Análisis Transaccional representa visualmente y transforma el Modelo de Trabajo Interno (IWM), un factor clave en las dificultades de apego en adultos. Este enfoque no verbal complementa la psicoterapia al ilustrar los estados del yo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología; Teoría del Apego; Investigación en Psicoterapia
Sus antecedentes:
- El Modelo de Trabajo Interno (IWM) de Bowlby es crucial para comprender los problemas de apego en adultos, pero carece de una definición concreta y métodos de visualización.; Los orígenes preverbales del IWM hacen que sea difícil acceder a él únicamente a través de terapias tradicionales basadas en el lenguaje.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar el potencial de la Terapia de Collage de Desarrollo del Análisis Transaccional (AT) para visualizar y transformar el Modelo de Trabajo Interno (IWM).;
- Investigar el papel de los estados del yo como componentes estructurales del IWM.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de caso que involucra a una mujer joven con dificultades interpersonales que se sometió a Terapia de Collage de Desarrollo de AT.; Creación de seis obras de collage que representan las relaciones yo-entorno en diferentes etapas del desarrollo.; Evaluaciones pre y post intervención utilizando el Egograma de la Universidad de Tokio (TEG3) y el inventario de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas-Otro Generalizado (ECR-GO).
Principales resultados:
- El collage mapeó visualmente la transición de un apego seguro a inseguro y de regreso a seguro, vinculado a los estados del yo "Niño" y "Padre".; Las puntuaciones de TEG3 indicaron una disminución en los estados del yo de Padre Crítico y Niño Adaptado y un aumento en el Niño Libre.; Las puntuaciones de ECR-GO mostraron reducciones tanto en la ansiedad como en la evitación del apego.
Conclusiones:
- La Terapia de Collage de Desarrollo del Análisis Transaccional ofrece un método para visualizar y facilitar la transformación del Modelo de Trabajo Interno (IWM).;
- Los estados del yo pueden representar los elementos estructurales del IWM.; La combinación de técnicas de collage no verbales con terapia verbal proporciona un marco complementario para la psicoterapia.
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