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Inducción mediada por el eje dorsoventral de Shh requerida para la regeneración de extremidades de ajolote
Sakiya Yamamoto1, Saya Furukawa1, Ayaka Ohashi1
1Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama, Japan.
eLife
|February 5, 2026
Resumen
El contacto celular dorsal y ventral en la regeneración de extremidades de ajolote es esencial para la formación de patrones. Esta interacción induce la expresión de Sonic hedgehog (Shh), crucial para el desarrollo de las extremidades, involucrando la señalización WNT10B y FGF2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del Desarrollo; Medicina Regenerativa; Biología del Ajolote.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ajolotes (Ambystoma mexicanum) poseen notables capacidades de regeneración de extremidades.
- La formación de patrones de extremidades tradicionalmente requiere contacto celular de distintas orientaciones del blastema.
- Los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a este requisito no estaban claros previamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Elucidar la base molecular de los requisitos de identidad posicional en la regeneración de extremidades de ajolote.
- Investigar el papel de las interacciones celulares dorsales y ventrales en el modelado de extremidades.
- Identificar las vías de señalización involucradas en la formación de patrones inducida por el eje dorsoventral.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó el modelo de extremidades accesorias en ajolotes.
- Se crearon blastemas específicos de posición que carecían de células derivadas de una sola orientación (anterior, posterior, dorsal o ventral).
- Se analizaron los patrones de expresión génica, centrándose en Sonic hedgehog (Shh), WNT10B y FGF2.
Principales resultados:
- El modelado de extremidades se observó exclusivamente en blastemas que contenían células derivadas tanto del lado dorsal como del ventral.
- La expresión de Sonic hedgehog (Shh) requirió contacto celular dorsoventral directo dentro del blastema.
- Se identificaron WNT10B (dorsal) y FGF2 (ventral) como señales clave que median la inducción de Shh.
Conclusiones:
- El contacto celular dorsoventral es un requisito crítico para iniciar la expresión de Shh durante la regeneración de extremidades de ajolote.
- Las vías de señalización WNT10B y FGF2 establecen el entorno inductivo necesario para el modelado de extremidades mediado por Shh.
- Este estudio proporciona información novedosa sobre los mecanismos moleculares que impulsan la identidad posicional en la regeneración de extremidades.
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