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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
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Evolución de la plasticidad fenotípica debida a la migración

Davorka Gulisija1,2, Mitchell Newberry1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States.

Evolution letters
|February 6, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

La plasticidad fenotípica, la capacidad de cambiar rasgos, puede persistir incluso en entornos estables. Las bajas tasas de migración entre poblaciones pueden mantener este rasgo, incluso si

Palabras clave:
migraciónplasticidad fenotípicaestructura poblacional

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología evolutiva
  • Genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • La plasticidad fenotípica permite a los organismos adaptarse a entornos cambiantes.
  • No se comprenden completamente las fuerzas evolutivas que mantienen la plasticidad, especialmente en entornos constantes.
  • Se cree que la rotación generacional y las diferentes condiciones entre padres y descendencia son necesarias para el mantenimiento de la plasticidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar las condiciones bajo las cuales la plasticidad fenotípica puede surgir y persistir en entornos estables.
  • Determinar el papel de la migración en el mantenimiento de la plasticidad fenotípica costosa.
  • Explorar la independencia de la arquitectura genética del mantenimiento de la plasticidad.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó un modelo de dos loci y dos demeas.
  • Se emplearon simulaciones estocásticas y aproximaciones analíticas para explorar el espacio de parámetros.
  • Se analizó la influencia de la fuerza de selección, las tasas de migración y las compensaciones de aptitud.

Principales resultados:

  • La plasticidad puede persistir incluso en entornos constantes con bajas tasas de migración.
  • La plasticidad puede persistir incluso cuando es costosa y no está vinculada al genotipo más apto.
  • Condiciones analíticas derivadas para el mantenimiento adaptativo de la plasticidad basadas en la selección, la migración y las compensaciones.

Conclusiones:

  • La migración puede ser un factor clave en la evolución y persistencia de la plasticidad fenotípica.
  • Este estudio revela nuevas vías evolutivas para la plasticidad.
  • Los hallazgos ofrecen perspectivas sobre cómo rasgos aparentemente inadaptados pueden establecerse en poblaciones adaptadas.