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Regulación Epigenética de la Disfunción Inmune en el Síndrome de Prostatitis Crónica/Síndrome de Dolor Pélvico
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 6, 2026
Resumen
El síndrome de prostatitis crónica/síndrome de dolor pélvico crónico (SPPC/SDPC) implica desregulación inmune y alteración de la metilación del ADN. La terapia de desmetilación puede tratar esta afección restaurando las respuestas inmunes y reduciendo el dolor pélvico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología
- Epigenética
- Urología
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de prostatitis crónica/síndrome de dolor pélvico crónico (SPPC/SDPC) es una afección común con causas desconocidas.
- La disfunción del sistema inmunitario se relaciona cada vez más con el SPPC/SDPC.
- Los mecanismos moleculares de la desregulación inmune en el SPPC/SDPC no se comprenden bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la inmunidad adaptativa en el SPPC/SDPC.
- Examinar los patrones de metilación del ADN en pacientes con SPPC/SDPC.
- Explorar posibles estrategias terapéuticas dirigidas a modificaciones epigenéticas.
Principales métodos:
- Se analizaron marcadores de células T CD4+ y factores de transcripción en muestras de orina de pacientes con SPPC/SDPC y controles.
- Se realizó un perfil de metilación del ADN en células mononucleares de sangre periférica (PBMC) y células T CD4+.
- Se evaluó la producción de IL-10 y el efecto de la azacitidina (AZA) in vitro y en un modelo animal de prostatitis.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con SPPC/SDPC mostraron un sesgo Th17/Th1 y una reducción de la expresión de FOXP3 en células T CD4+.
- Se identificó hipermetilación de los promotores de IL-10 y FOXP3 e hipometilación de genes inflamatorios.
- El tratamiento con azacitidina restauró la secreción de IL-10 y redujo la sensibilidad al dolor en un modelo animal.
Conclusiones:
- El SPPC/SDPC está relacionado con cambios epigenéticos que afectan la regulación inmune y las respuestas de IL-10.
- La inhibición de la metilación del ADN puede restaurar la función inmune y aliviar el dolor.
- La terapia de desmetilación presenta una vía de tratamiento prometedora para el SPPC/SDPC.
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