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Incidencia de cáncer de próstata ajustada por migración en China: un análisis epidemiológico basado en la población
Yu Zhang1,2,3, Guijin Li1,2,3, Shuxiu Hao1,2,3
1Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Frontiers in public health
|February 6, 2026
Resumen
La gran población migrante de China impacta significativamente las estimaciones de incidencia de cáncer de próstata. El ajuste por migrantes proporciona una vigilancia del cáncer más precisa y una planificación de salud pública para poblaciones móviles.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología; Salud Pública; Análisis Espacial
Sus antecedentes:
- La migración interna en China presenta desafíos significativos para los sistemas de vigilancia del cáncer.; Los métodos tradicionales que se basan en la población registrada en el hogar (HRP) pueden llevar a estimaciones de incidencia sesgadas.; Excluir a la población migrante sustancial puede desinformar la planificación de la salud pública y la asignación de recursos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Estimar la incidencia de cáncer de próstata en la población residente (RP) en China.; Tener en cuenta la influencia de la migración interprovincial en los datos de vigilancia del cáncer.; Explorar los patrones espaciales y la agrupación de la incidencia de cáncer de próstata.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un modelo bayesiano de aproximación de Laplace anidada integrada con ecuaciones diferenciales parciales estocásticas (INLA-SPDE).; Se incorporaron pesos de migrantes interprovinciales derivados de la Encuesta Dinámica de Migrantes de China de 2016.; Se analizó la agrupación espacial de la incidencia de cáncer de próstata en diferentes regiones.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó una población migrante interprovincial significativa de más de 73 millones de personas.; Se demostraron diferencias sustanciales en las estimaciones de incidencia de cáncer de próstata entre la RP y la HRP, particularmente en provincias como Shanghai y Beijing.; Se reveló una agrupación espacial de mayor incidencia en las áreas costeras del este y menor incidencia en las regiones del centro-oeste y noreste.
Conclusiones:
- La migración interna impacta significativamente la vigilancia de la incidencia del cáncer de próstata en China.; Las estimaciones ajustadas por migrantes ofrecen una representación más precisa de la carga de la enfermedad.; Los hallazgos brindan orientación metodológica para mejorar los sistemas de registro del cáncer en regiones de alta movilidad y apoyan la asignación equitativa de recursos de atención médica.
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