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Efectos de la selección del genotipo de soja y los métodos de procesamiento sobre el rendimiento de los pollos de

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Los rasgos mejorados de la harina de soja (SBM) mejoran la nutrición de los pollos de engorde. Incluso con menos SBM, los pollos alimentados con harina de soja mejorada mostraron un rendimiento comparable debido a una mayor digestibilidad de los aminoácidos clave.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias Animales
  • Nutrición Avícola
  • Ciencia de Piensos

Sus antecedentes:

  • La harina de soja (SBM) es una fuente principal de proteínas en las dietas de los pollos de engorde.
  • La optimización de la composición de la SBM es crucial para el crecimiento y la eficiencia alimenticia de los pollos de engorde.
  • Los nuevos métodos de procesamiento de la soja y la selección genética ofrecen mejoras potenciales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar el impacto de la harina de soja con rasgos mejorados en el rendimiento de los pollos de engorde machos Cobb 500.
  • Comparar fuentes de SBM de extracción por solvente convencional (ConvSE), extrusión/expeller convencional (ConvEE) y extrusión/expeller experimental (ExpEE).
  • Evaluar la digestibilidad de los aminoácidos en diferentes fuentes de SBM.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizaron dos experimentos con pollos de engorde machos Cobb 500.
  • Experimento 1: 540 pollos (0-45 días) alimentados con dietas ConvSE, ConvEE o ExpEE.
  • Experimento 2: 240 pollos (0-13 días) alimentados con dietas ConvEE o ExpEE para evaluar la sustitución directa y la digestibilidad de los aminoácidos.

Principales resultados:

  • No se observaron diferencias significativas en el rendimiento o los rendimientos de los pollos de engorde a los 45 días entre las dietas ConvSE, ConvEE y ExpEE en el Experimento 1.
  • En el Experimento 2, las dietas ExpEE mostraron una mayor digestibilidad de Lis, Thr, Ser, Val, Ile, Leu, Arg, Trp, Phe y Tyr en comparación con ConvEE.
  • Los pollos alimentados con dietas ExpEE (menor inclusión de SBM) demostraron un rendimiento similar a los de dietas con mayor inclusión de SBM.

Conclusiones:

  • La harina de soja de soja seleccionada por su mayor composición de aminoácidos (ExpEE) ofrece una mejor digestibilidad de los aminoácidos.
  • La harina de soja ExpEE se puede utilizar de manera efectiva en las dietas de los pollos de engorde, lo que podría reducir los niveles de inclusión sin comprometer el rendimiento.
  • Los rasgos mejorados de la SBM contribuyen a una nutrición eficiente de los pollos de engorde y a la utilización del alimento.